Mendelian Genetics
This term describes a version of a gene.
What is an allele?
This structure contains DNA in a eukaryotic cell.
What is the nucleus?
This process makes RNA from DNA.
What is transcription?
This type of mutation occurs when one nucleotide is removed from a DNA sequence.
What is a deletion?
This term refers to the use of living organisms or their biological processes to solve problems or create useful products.
What is biotechnology?
This term refers to the genetic makeup of an organism.
What is genotype?
These are the repeating units that make up DNA.
What are nucleotides?
This process makes proteins from mRNA.
What is translation?
This is what mutations can affect when DNA is changed.
What are proteins?
This technology is used to edit DNA by cutting it at a specific location.
What is CRISPR?
This term describes the observable traits of an organism.
What is phenotype?
This is the shape of DNA.
What is a double helix?
This structure is the site of protein synthesis.
What is the ribosome?
This type of mutation occurs when one nucleotide is replaced with another, which may or may not change the protein produced.
What is a substitution?
This technique is used to make many copies of DNA.
What is PCR?
This describes an organism with genotype Aa for a trait.
What is heterozygous?
This type of bond holds the base pairs together in DNA and allows strands to separate during replication.
What are hydrogen bonds?
This type of RNA contains anticodons that match codons on mRNA.
What is tRNA?
This type of mutation involves inserting or deleting bases, changing how the sequence is read.
What is a frameshift mutation?
This technique uses an electric current to separate DNA fragments based on size.
What is gel electrophoresis?
This type of allele is expressed even when only one copy is present.
What is a dominant allele?
This part of a nucleotide forms the sides of the DNA “ladder.”
What is the sugar-phosphate backbone?
This type of RNA helps form the structure of ribosomes and keeps mRNA and tRNA in place during protein synthesis.
What is rRNA?
This type of mutation changes one nucleotide but may not change the amino acid produced.
What is a silent mutation?
In this process, repeated heating and cooling cycles cause DNA to double each cycle.
What is PCR?