Rock Cycle
Structure of the Earth
Plate Boundaries
Plate Tectonics
Miscellaneous
100
Which type of rock commonly contains fossils?
Sedimentary
100
name the layers of the earth in order (including specific parts...6 in total)
crust, lithosphere, asthenosphere, mantle, outer core, inner core
will also accept:
continental crust, oceanic crust, upper mantle, lower mantle, outer core, inner core
100
this boundary is where plates move apart
divergent
100
Plates float on top of the ________________ (be specific).
Asthenosphere
100
The Himalayan mountains are the result of a ___________________________ boundary.
What is convergent boundary
200
What type of rock forms when magma cools?
Igneous Rock
200
What is the difference between the inner and outer core? Your answer must say WHY
The outer core is liquid metal. The inner core is solid metal because of immense heat and pressure.
200
which boundary is the cause for most ocean trenches, volcanoes, & mountains?
convergent
200
The mechanism or force behind plate tectonic movement?
Convection currents in the mantle
200
Which kind of seismic waves arrive first at a seismograph station?
P-waves
300
How do rocks get from sedimentary to metamorphic?
Heat and Pressure...not melting
300
Which layer of the earth is the cause of Earth's magnetic field?
The outer core
300
which boundary is responsible for earthquakes? how does it happen?
transform - the plates slide past each other & scrape
300
What is it called when one plate sinks below another?
Subduction
300
What is pyroclastic flow? Which type of volcano is known for its intense pyroclastic flow?
A cloud of hot gas, ash, and rock rushing down a volcano after an eruption. Stratovolcano
400
What is:
Weathering? Erosion? Deposition?
Weathering- breaking down rock
Erosion- transporting rock (by wind or water)
Deposition- "depositing" rock, where it ends up making new landforms
400
The rigid part of the Earth including the crust and the upper mantle (makes up the plates of the Earth)
What is the lithosphere
400
what kind of plate boundary can form new crust on the seafloor?
divergent - plates move apart & magma rises, then cools
400
This is the mechanism (what causes) the plates to move
What is convection cycles in the mantle
400
The San Andreas Fault in California is an example of a ____________________ boundary.
What is a transform boundary
500
What is the difference between low and high silica magma?
Low Silica: (Mafic) Calm with flowing lava, darker, dense
High Silica: (Felsic) Explosive, lighter, less dense
500
What are the three differences between oceanic and continental crust?
(hint: how thick is it? how dense is it? what is it made of?)
continental: thick, less dense, granite rich
oceanic: thin, more dense, basalt rich
500
Which plate boundary can form volcanic islands/arcs? which plate is the one that subducts (oceanic or continental?)
convergent - the oceanic plate sinks
500
The two types of convergent boundaries
What is subduction (where volcanoes often occur) and collision (where mountains are usually formed)
500
What is the name of the scientist we studied?
What was his theory?
Why was it not accepted?
Alfred Wegener and his theory of Continental Drift. It was not accepted because he lacked mechanism (they did not know about plate tectonics yet and could not explain how the continents moved)