Transferring Energy (Topic 6)
What are the features of Energy Transfer Systems?
Energy Source
Direction of Energy Transfer
Transformations
Waste Heat
Control Systems
What are the three different scales used to measure temperature?
Fahrenheit, Celsius and Kelvin.
What's Energy?
Energy is a measure of something's ability to do work or to cause change.
What are the three states of matter?
Solid, liquid, and gas.
What is:
a) Solid to Gas
b) Liquid to Solid
c) Gas to Solid
d) Solid to Liquid
e) Liquid to gas
f) Gas to Liquid
a) Sublimation (solid to gas)
b) Solidification
c) Sublimation/deposition (gas to solid)
d) Fusion
e) Vaporization
f) Condensation
What are 3 characteristics of all of the different forms of radiant energy share?
-They behave like waves
-They can be absorbed and reflected by objects
-They travel across empty space at the speed: 300,000 km/s.
What's temperature?
A relative measure of how hot or cold something is; the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance.
True or False: Energy is not a substance.
True
What's a pure substance?
A type of matter that is made of only one kind of particle.
What's the difference between heat capacity and specific heat capacity?
Heat capacity definition: amount of thermal energy what warms or cools the object by 1 degrees Celsius.
Specific heat capacity: amount of thermal energy that warms or cools one gram of a material by one degrees Celsius
What are 7 parts of the EMR?
Radio Waves
Microwaves
Infrared Radiation
Visible Light Spectrum
X-rays
Gamma Rays
Cosmic Rays
What's a thermometer?
Mechanical or electrical devices used for measuring temperature.
What are the 4 most important ideas of the particle model of matter?
-All substances are made up of tiny particles
-The particles are always in motion
-The particles have space between them
-Adding heats make the particles move faster
What is the shape and size of the following:
a) Solids
b) Liquids
c) Gas
a) Keeps shape and size
b) Takes shape of container
c) No definite shape and size
What's is hidden heat?
During a phase change, all of the energy of a substance increases or decreases. This happens because particles don't increase or decrease their speed anymore. Yet the average energy of the particles doesn't change. Therefore, the temperature of the substances stay constant the energy is hidden from thermometers therefore it's called hidden heat.
What are Heat Insulators?
Materials that are poor conductors of heat.
What are 4 types of temperature measuring instruments talked about in Topic 2?
-Thermocouple
-Bimetallic Strip
-Infrared thermogram
-Recording Thermometer
How is a hot air balloon an example of thermal energy?
The fuel in a hot-air balloon burns, transferring thermal energy to the air, which heats up, expands, and allows the balloon to rise.
What is one example of pure substances for each of the following:
a) Solid?
b) Liquid?
c) Gas?
Answers may vary
Solid- sulfur, carbon, tin
Liquid- water, mercury, bromine
Gas- Water vapour, carbon dioxide, oxygen
Change of State in which particles become...
a)less organized
b)very able to move freely to not able to move very freely at all
c)not able to move very freely at all to be able to move more freely
a) Vaporization or Sublimation (solid to gas)
b)Sublimation (gas to solid) or Solidification
c) Sublimation (solid to gas) or Vaporization
What are the three ways to transfer energy? Explain what they do/are.
Radiation- Transfer of energy without any movement of matter (no particles)
Convection- When a warm fluid moves from place to place, carrying the thermal energy with it.
Conduction- The transfer of thermal energy through direct collisions between particles.
What does the bimetallic strip look like and what does it to?
The bimetallic strip is made of two different metal joined firmly together. As the strip is heated, one metal expands more than the other. The strip is forced to coil more tightly. When the strip is cooled, the process is reversed.
What's one important idea or creation each of these scientist have created?
a) Lord Kelvin
b) James Joule
c)Anders Celsius
a)Invented the Kelvin scale which is named after him.
b)Discovered many discoveries by experimenting with engines, electricity, and heat.
c)Invented the Celsius temperature scale and named it after himself.
What's the volume compressibility of the following:
a)Solid
b) Liquid
c) Gas
a) Fixed volume
b) Fixed volume
c) Volume changes
Give an example of:
-Condensation
-Evaporation
-Sublimation (gas to solid)
-Sublimation (solid to gas)
-Fusion
-Solidification
Answers may vary
Condensation- Big clouds floating over your head.
Evaporation- Drying clothes in the sun
Sublimation (gas to solid)- frost formation
Sublimation (solid to gas)- Dry ice in room temp.
Fusion- Solid ice turning into liquid water
Solidification- Making ice in a ice cube tray