Development
What is the difference between growth and development?
Growth: change in size
Development: change/increase in physical, emotional, social, intellectual
Explain what near to far development is.
Muscles close to the body will develop before other muscles develop.
What is the difference between emotional and social development?
Emotional Dev: the process of learning to recognize and express feelings and establish a unique personal identity
Social Dev: the process of learning self-expression and how to interact with others
What are some of the best ways to help infants learn?
play with them
What is the difference between fine motor skills and gross motor skills?
Fine motor skills: small muscles (fingers/toes)
Gross motor skills: large muscles (legs/arms/back)
Explain what head toe development is.
The top of the body (like the brain) will develop before the lower extremities will.
Briefly explain Erikson’s Trust vs. Mistrust stage of psychosocial development:
Trust vs Mistrust- If the baby is cared for when it cries, the baby will trust the caregiver to provide what they need. If the baby doesn’t get care it might be mistrustful of caregivers and/or the world around them.
What is perception?
Perception: ability to learn from sensory info
What are two factors that show parents and doctors that a baby has healthy physical development?
Increase in height and weight gain
Children learn simple tasks before they learn complex ones.
How does the emotional climate of the home affect babies?
Infants can pick up on general emotions of the household. If there is tension, the infant may be more likely to be fussy as well. If it’s a positive or calm environment, the baby might also take on those emotions.
How does perception help babies learn?
Baby’s learn from their senses in the first year. Without perception, infants wouldn’t know how to process the info they are receiving.
When do babies start hearing noises?
in the womb
What is an infant’s main form of communication?
crying
Explain Failure to Thrive- What is it? What are the symptoms?
A condition in which babies fail to grow and develop properly
Symptoms- Weakened Cry, Smile fades, withdrawn
How do brains become organized? What is the function of myelin?
They become organized in different ways depending on heredity and environmental factors (nature vs nurture). They learn by using their senses. The more experiences, the more neural pathways form, the more tasks they can control.
What is the cause of SIDS and how can you reduce it?
answers vary
There are many newborn reflexes. Choose TWO- Explain what they are, what causes them, and when it starts/stops
answers vary
What is colic?
A condition in babies that results in extended periods of crying
There are 4 abilities that babies learn… name and explain TWO of the FOUR
Remembering experiences- using past experiences to inform decision making
Making associations- making connections between 2 things
Understanding cause & effect- knowing that one action taken affects the outcome of the situation
Paying attention- concentrating on one thing at a time