OVERVIEW OF CELLS
What is the definition of the cell?
Basic unit of structure and function of living things
Which discovery led into the deeper study of cells?
The microscope.
What is the main difference between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells?
Presence of nucleus
What is the definition of Metabolism?
Sum of chemical reactions that take place in the cell to provide energy.
What is Chemiosmosis?
Step 4 of Photosynthesis in which the gradient of concentration within the membrane of the thylakoid changes.
AKA: Protons are pushed inside of the membrane.
Which is the powerhouse of the cell?
Mitochondria
Name of the first scientist to observe cells and from what material did he obseved them from?
Robert Hooke and from a thin slice of cork.
What are the 3 differences between Plant and Animal cells?
Cell Wall; Chloroplasts; Vacuole size
What is the main function of Enzymes?
Natural catalyst, that lowers the amount of energy necessary to start a chemical reaction.
In which organelle is glucose broken down?
Cytoplasm
How many cells are in a square cm of skin?
100, 000.
From where and how did Leeuwenhoek named the singled cell organisms?
Rain water, pond water ; called them animalcules.
What is the function of the Golgi body?
Recieves proteins and lipids from the Endoplasmic Reticulum. Packages them and distribute them through out the cell.
What does ATP stand for and how is energy released?
- Adenosine triphosphate.
- Breaking the covalent bond from the third and second phosphate group.
Which enzyme has to do with the formation of ATP?
ATP synthase
Which are the 3 statements of the Cell Theory?
1. All living things are made of cells
2. Cells are the basic unit of life
3. Cells only come from preexisting cells.
What were the names of the creators of the Modern Compound microscope?
Ernst Abbé and Carl Zeiss
Which organelles have a double membrane?
Nucleus, Mitochondria, Choloroplasts and Lysosomes
Which are the 3 main forms of chemical energy (molecules of energy)?
- NADH, ATP and FADH
Which phase of Cellular Respiration is where most of ATP is produced.
Electron Transport
Which are the functions that are enabled by cells?
Getting Oxygen, Get rid of wastes, Obtaining Food and Growing
In what year was the first compound microscope created?
1590
What is the name of bone cells, nerve cells and Blood cells?
Osteocyte; Neurons; Erythrocyte
What is Anabolism and Catabolism? And how are they related.
- Catabolism: The creation of smaller molecules from a bigger molecule and the releasing of energy.
- Anabolism: Creation of bigger molecules from smaller molecules, using the energy from Catabolism.
- Relationship: the energy from Catabolism is used in Anabolism.
Which enzyme comes in contact with 10 G3P to form RuBP?
Rubisco