Russia Rising
This ruler took the title “tsar” and helped free Russia from Mongol control
Who is Ivan III?
This foreign dynasty replaced the Ming and ruled China
What is the Qing Dynasty?
This city was captured in 1453 and became the Ottoman capital
What is Constantinople (Istanbul)?
This empire was centered in Persia and practiced Shi’a Islam
What is the Safavid Empire?
These empires relied heavily on gunpowder weapons to expand
What are the Gunpowder Empires?
This social system tied peasants to the land and required labor for nobles
What is serfdom?
This system organized Qing military forces into divisions for control
What is the banner system?
This tax was imposed on non-Muslims under Ottoman rule
What is the jizya?
This Mughal ruler promoted religious tolerance and ended the jizya tax
Who is Akbar?
This pattern explains the rise, peak, and fall of Chinese dynasties
What is the dynastic cycle?
These frontier groups helped expand Russia into Siberia
Who are the Cossacks?
This exam system continued under the Qing to select officials
What is the civil service examination system?
This system allowed religious minorities to govern themselves
What is the millet system?
This Safavid group, known as the “red hats,” supported the dynasty militarily
Who are the Qizilbash?
Russia differed from Western Europe because it maintained this labor system longer
What is serfdom?
This ruler earned the nickname “the Terrible” after suppressing nobles (boyars)
Who is Ivan IV?
This trade policy restricted foreign merchants to one port
What is the Canton System?
These elite infantry troops were taken from Christian boys and trained for the state
Who are the Janissaries?
This Mughal emperor built the Taj Mahal
Who is Shah Jahan?
Both the Ottomans and Mughals used this strategy to govern diverse populations
What is religious tolerance (or accommodation)?
This ruler Westernized Russia and built a new capital on the Baltic Sea
Who is Peter the Great?
This emperor expanded Qing territory and promoted Confucian scholarship
Who is Kangxi?
This system granted land to cavalry in exchange for military service
What is the timar system?
This Mughal ruler reversed tolerance policies and reinstated the jizya
Who is Aurangzeb?
This was a major reason for decline across many land-based empires: bloated governments and misuse of power
What is corruption (bureaucratic corruption)?