Health & Wellbeing
Identify the 5 dimensions of health within 10 seconds
Physical, mental social, emotional, spiritual
What is this definition:
'Relating to the ability to express emotions and feelings in a positive and appropriate way, including acting with resilience, recognising and understanding a range of emotions and effectively responding and managing these emotions.'
Emotional health and wellbeing
Tobacco is a risk factor for...(name three conditions).
Cardiovascular disease
Cancer
Low birth weight
Respiratory conditions (eg: asthma)
What's the relationship between Socioeconomic status and Risky alcohol consumption?
As socioeconomic status goes up, so does the proportion of those who consumed alcohol at risky levels. For example, around 35% of the lowest SES group consumed alcohol at risky levels compared to around 47% in the highest SES group.
Define Sociocultural factors
Social and cultural conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work and age
What two acronyms contribute to the DALY and what do they stand for?
YLL (Years of life lost to prem death) YLD (Years lost due to disability)
When stress levels are low, and a person feels relaxed and positive about themselves and life, one would be experiencing...
Optimal mental health and wellbeing
Alcohol increases the risk of...(identify three).
Chronic conditions such as liver disease
Obesity due to high kilojoules
Relationship breakdown
Mental illness (eg: depression)
Poor judgement and motor control
Explain one way that low intake of fruit can impact on the health status of adults in Australia
Fruit is high in fibre which provides feelings of fullness. Not eating enough fruit can therefore contribute to weight gain among adults and higher incidence of obesity-related conditions such as type 2 diabetes.
OR
Under-consumption of fruit can mean that the intake of some vitamins is deficient which can affect immune system function and increase the incidence of infectious diseases among adults.
OR
Fruit contains anti-oxidants which can reduce the risk of conditions such as cancer. Under-consumption can mean that anti-oxidant intake is low which can increase mortality rates from some cancers among adults.
Socioeconomic status is made up of....
Income, occupation and education levels.
Increased workforce productivity, increased social participation, health system savings, fewer people relying on social security, reduced stress and anxiety in the community, higher average incomes ARE ALL EXAMPLES OF HOW HEALTH AND WELLBEING CAN ACT AS A RESOURCE....
Nationally
Australian Dietary Guideline number 3 is...
Limit intake of foods containing saturated fat, added salt, added sugars and alcohol.
How is Body Mass Index measured and what is considered to be an overweight measurement?
Weight (kg) / height (m)2
Overweight = 25-29.9
Obese = 30+
Explain one way that low intake of vegetables can impact burden of disease for children in Australia
Vegetables are high in fibre which provides feelings of fullness. Not eating enough vegetables can therefore contribute to weight gain among children which can contribute to depression which can lead to an increase in YLD.
OR
Under-consumption of vegetables can mean that the intake of some vitamins is deficient which can increase the incidence of neural tube defects among children such as spina bifida. This can contribute to DALY for children.
OR
Vegetables contain anti-oxidants which can reduce the risk of conditions such as cancer. Under-consumption can mean that anti-oxidant intake is low which can increase the DALY contributed by some cancers among children.
Define Environmental factors
Relates to the physical features that surround us
Identify three ways that health and wellbeing acts as a resource globally.
-Promotes sustainability
-Promotes social development
-Reduces risk of disease transmission between countries
-Assists in promoting peace and stability
-Promotes economic development / social development
-World peace and security
-Increased productivity and ability to access resources required for decent standard of living
-Optimal global trade
A subjective concept that relates to the negative aspects of health and wellbeing and how one feels about disease
Illness
Explain how the consumption of dairy is important in the prevention of bone disease.
Dairy contains calcium
Calcium helps to strengthen bones (ossification) and prevents osteoporosis
Examples of dairy include milk, cheese and yoghurt
Explain two ways that over-consumption of salt can contribute to burden of disease in Australia
Salt intake increases blood volume as fluid is drawn out of the cells. This increases blood pressure which can increase YLL from premature death due to heart attack and stroke.
OR
Over-consumption of salt causes calcium to be lost from the blood stream and bones. This increases the risk of fractures and osteoporosis which contributes significantly to YLD in Australia.
OR
Salt increases blood pressure which puts a strain on the kidneys. Over time, this can contribute to kidney disease which is a cause of DALY in Australia.
Define Biological factors
Factors that impact on the way the body functions
Using an example, describe the interrelationships between physical and spiritual health and wellbeing.
Answer must show understanding of aspects of both physical and spiritual health and wellbeing.
Answer must link back to the original dimension to demonstrate understanding of interrelationships.
Eight challenges in bringing about dietary change are...
Food security
Willpower
Attitudes and beliefs
Personal preference
Time constraints and convenience
Education, nutrition knowledge and cooking skills
Influence of family, culture, society and religion
Food marketing
Health and wellbeing factors
Explain how the underconsumption of vegetables increases the risk of cancer.
Vegetables contain antioxidants which work to reduce the impact of free radicals on the body. Free radicals damage body cells and increase the risk of cancer.
Vegetables contain fibre which is a protective nutrient against colorectal cancer as fibre promotes the feelings of fullness decreasing the risk of overeating. Obesity is a risk factor for many cancers.
What role does Fibre play?
Fibre provides a sense of fullness, which prevents overeating and weight gain. Maintaining a healthy weight range can assist in reducing the DALY from weight-related conditions such as cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.
Biological factors include....
Body weight, blood pressure, blood cholestrol levels, birth weight, genetics.