Gunpowder
Empires
Empires
The new name of Constantinople under the Ottomans
Istanbul
Term: A king's rule was given by God, making them both the political and religious authority
Divine right of kings
Manchurian dynasty of China who ruled over the majority Han
Qing
Mongol-Turkic ruler of the late 1300s whose conquests gave rise to the three Islamic Gunpowder Empires
Tamerlane (Timur the Lame)
Strict social groupings designated at birth (India)
Castes
Used gunpowder to overthrow the Mongols in Russia and expand the Eastern border of Russia
Ivan IV (the Terrible)
Absolutism
Europeans were only allowed to trade from this Chinese port under the Qing
Canton
Empire that conquered Byzantium
Ottoman
Mughal
One strategic problem for the Safavid Empire
Lack of natural defenses; lack of navy even though it was on the Arabian Sea
Two ways monarchies centralized power in Europe (1450-1750)
Controlling taxes, the army, religion
Peasant rebellion against the Qing that ultimately failed and resulted in the deaths of nearly 100,000 peasants
White Lotus Rebellion
Three regions where the Ottoman Empire existed at its height
Southeastern Europe, the Middle East, Northern Africa
An elite military force in the Ottoman empire called "slaves of the state"
Janissaries
The 4 gunpowder empires
Ottoman, Safavid, Mughal, Russian
Leader of Russia who defeated his half-sister for the throne, conquered territory on the Baltic, and built St. Petersburg
Peter the Great
Used by three powerful daimyo to unify Japan
Gunpowder weapons
Safavid
Term: A system used to staff the Ottoman military and government
[+100 what group they recruited]
Devshirme
[conquered Christian boys ages 8-20]
Russian military force loyal to Ivan IV in the 1500s whose tactics were the basis for the Russian secret police in the 20th century
Oprichina
Palace of Louis XIV used to maintain control of nobles
Versailles
System used by the Tokugawa Shogunate to maintain control of the daimyo
The hostage system: daimyos had homes in their han and in Tokyo and their families remained in Tokyo
The Shi'a [give name] empire often in conflict with the neighboring Sunni [give name] empire
Safavid; Ottoman
One reason for the decline of the Ottoman Empire
Harem politics, European defensive victories, weak sultans, British and French involvement in Ottoman empire