Unit 3: Periodic Table and Trends

Atomic Size

100

Fill in the blank. 

Atomic radius is defined as the ________ from the outermost orbital to the nucleus

distance

200

Atomic size increases as you move (UP or DOWN) on the periodic table.

DOWN

300

Rank the size of these element from LEAST to GREATEST atomic size:

Magnesium (Mg) , Phosphorus (P), Barium (Ba)

P , Mg , Ba

400

Why does the size of an atom increase as you move down the periodic table?

The amount of electron shells increase as you move down the periodic table, which causes the distance from the nucleus to the outermost orbital (atomic radius) to increase.

Ionization Energy

100

Ionization energy is the amount of energy required to remove a(n) ______________ from an atom's outermost shell.

a.) Proton

b.) Neutron

c.) Electron

c.) Electron

200

Rank the I.E. of these element from LEAST to GREATEST:

Nitrogen (N) , Calcium (Ca) , Titanium (Ti) 

Calcium (Ca) , Titanium (Ti) , Nitrogen (N) 

300

Which atom/ion is the LARGEST?

a.) O⁺²

b.) O

c.) O^-2

c.) O^-2

The more negatively (-) charged an atom is, the larger it is.

400

Why does I.E. decrease as you move right to left on a periodic table?

The amount of protons decrease, which causes a weaker "pull" on the electrons from the nucleus and makes it easier to remove an electron from its outermost shell.

Electronegativity

100

True or False:

Electronegativity increases as you move from right to left on the periodic table.

False

200

Electronegativity of an atom (increases OR decreases) when protons are added due to an increased nuclear charge.

INCREASES

300

Rank these elements E.N. from LEAST to GREATEST:

Sulfur (S), Tin (Sn), Silicon (Si)

Sn , Si , S

400

Which of the following statements is TRUE

1.) E.N. increases with an increased amount of protons and energy levels

2.) E.N. increases with an increased amount of protons and decreased amount of energy levels

3.) E.N. increases with a decreased amount of protons and energy levels

2.) E.N. increases with an increased amount of protons and decreased amount of energy levels

Groups in the Periodic Table

100

Bromine, Carbon , Nitrogen are all examples of ____________.

Non-Metals

200

Boron, Silicon, Tellurium are examples of__________.

Metalloids

300

What is the name of group 2 on the periodic table?

They are the second most reactive group on the periodic table and have an electron configuration ending of s². 

Alkaline Earth Metals

400

What is the relationship between the Group number and the number of valence electrons in an atom?

The ending value of a Group number = the amount of valence electrons

(Ex: Oxygen is in Group 16 and has 6 valence electrons)

This DOES NOT apply to transition metals (the d-block).

Misc.

100

Horizontal rows on the periodic table are called a ____________.

period or series

200

Vertical columns on the periodic table are called a ______________.

group or family

300

Which electron requires the most energy to remove from its atom's outermost shell?

1^st removed, 2^nd removed, or, 3^rd removed

3^rd - The amount of protons remains the same which means the "pull" of the nucleus remains the same. However, because the nucleus is able to "pull" in the remaining electrons more due to there being less of them.

400

Elements in Group 18 have how many valence electrons?

8 valence electrons

The ending value of a Group number = the amount of valence electrons

(Ex: Oxygen is in Group 16 and has 6 valence electrons)

This DOES NOT apply to transition metals (the d-block).