Vocabulary
“The workers were forced to work long hours without rest. They were paid very little and had no rights. Many people believed they faced severe oppression.”
What does oppression mean?
A. freedom
B. unfair treatment
C. happiness
D. success
B. unfair treatment
Which sentence uses emotional language?
A. “The policy was implemented in 1917.”
B. “Workers protested in cities.”
C. “The government changed laws.”
D. “The suffering of the people was unbearable.”
D. “The suffering of the people was unbearable.”
Word choice affects the reader’s __________.
feelings
A counterclaim shows an __________ view.
opposing, opposite
Claim: Workers suffered.
Best evidence?
A. Workers owned land.
B. The czar ruled for a long time.
C. Many in Russia suffered and starved.
D. People worked long hours with little pay.
D. People worked long hours with little pay.
“Food was limited in the cities. Bread lines stretched for hours, and many families went without meals. This showed a scarcity of supplies.”
Scarcity means lack of __________.
resources
Formal language sounds more __________.
professional, educated, elevated
What affects tone?
Author's word choice
Claim: Workers were treated unfairly.
Counterclaim:
A. Workers were happy.
B. Some workers supported the system
C. Workers protested often.
D. Workers starved.
B. Some workers supported the system
Evidence supports a __________.
claim
“Workers spent long days in factories producing goods. Their labor was exhausting and often unsafe.”
Define labor.
work
Emotional language is meant to __________ readers.
affect/impact/manipulate
The decision a writer makes influences how readers __________ information.
interpret/understand
Counterclaims challenge the __________ in a text.
Which best supports: “Food shortages caused issues”?
A. Russia had farms with unhappy workers.
B. Bread lines stretched for hours.
C. People lived in cities.
D. Factories closed for many weeks.
B. Bread lines stretched for hours.
“Prices kept rising, and jobs became less stable. Businesses failed, and people could not predict what would happen next. This created economic instability.”
Instability means—
A. balanced sides
B. unsteadiness
C. peace
D. growth
B. unsteadiness
Formal language avoids strong __________.
emotions
Why use emotional language?
A. To inform readers of an idea
B. To affect readers’ feelings
C. To define important concepts
D. To summarize ideas
B. To affect readers’ feelings
Claim: Revolution improved life.
Write a counterclaim.
Revolution made many lives worse.
Why is data strong evidence?
A. It is emotional
B. It is factual
C. It is long
D. It is simple
B. It is factual
“Different groups believed in different ideas about how society should be run. These belief systems shaped their actions. Each group followed its own ideology.”
Define ideology.
System of beliefs
Effect of formal tone?
builds trust, credibility, and ethos
Authors use structure to organize __________.
ideas
Strong arguments address __________ views.
opposing, opposite
Rhetorical effect of strong evidence?
builds credibility/ethos