Brain Function
Mandatory readings
Sensation
Perception
Memory
Social Psychology
Leftovers
Mystery Box
100
Identify the two divisions of the peripheral nervous system.
Somatic
Autonomic
100
Author surname?
Milgram!
100
State the two types of photoreceptors found in the retina, and state what 'type' of light they are responsible for detecting.
Rods (black and white, typically used more at night)
Cones (colour, rely on bright light to function)
100
State two depth cues evident in these drawings.
Linear perspective
Interposition (overlapping)
Relative size
Height in the visual field
100
What is the capacity of long-term memory?
Unlimited!
100
On which day (number) was Zimbardo's prison experiment abandoned?
Day 6!
100
State the three elements of the tri-component model of attitudes.
Affective
Behavioural
Cognitive
100
Which is the most popular month for a birthday in this class?
April (5 students!)
200
Someone who constantly bumps into furniture, or misjudges picking up their knife and fork, has likely damaged which lobe of their brain?
Parietal lobe (spatial awareness - it helps you understand where you are in relation to other things that your senses are picking up around you)!
200
Author surname?
Buss (et al.)!
200
State (in order!) the three steps in the process of sensation.
1. Reception
2. Transduction
3. Transmission
200
Loudness and pitch are represented by which qualities of a sound wave, respectively?
("Loudness" = ________________)
("Pitch" = ________________)
Loudness = amplitude (height) of the sound wave
Pitch = frequency of the sound wave (long vs short wavelength)
200
What is one strategy for extending the capacity and duration of short-term memory?
Maintenance rehearsal
Chunking
200
Social learning theory suggests that people develop their gender identity by ___________ ?
Vicarious learning
Modelling
200
The feeling of mental discomfort when our actions don't align with our beliefs is known as?
Cognitive dissonance!
200
How many students in this class had Mrs Tomlin as their Year 7 Italian teacher?
Four!
(Isla, Jai, Sienna, Ayna)
300
Which neurotransmitter is involved in muscle contractions, learning, memory and REM sleep?
Acetylcholine
300
Authors?
Bargh, Chen + Burrows!
300
Describe the process of transduction of auditory stimuli.
Cochlea contains fluid which moves with vibrations. Vibrations move hair cells. Hair cells convert vibrations to nerve impulses.
300
All babies start with the same basic musical abilities. They can tell differences in pitch, rhythm, and tone, and usually prefer pleasant sounds and simple beats. As they grow, they begin to recognise and prefer the music of their own culture through a process called ??????????????.
Studies show that while young infants can respond equally well to music from different cultures, by around WHAT AGE???? they start to favour familiar rhythms and scales.
Enculturation!
One year old!
300
The Multi-Store Model describes memory as having three separate stores. What are they?
Sensory memory
Short-term memory
Long-term memory
300
According to evolutionary psychology, why did stereotypical male/female traits evolve?
Male traits: (aggression + competitiveness) to increase likelihood of attracting a female partner to have BABIES with.
Female traits: (nurturing) to increase likelihood of attracting a partner who can protect the family, so women have time to raise the BABIES.
300
When people place too much emphasis on dispositional factors (such as personality traits) when explaining the behaviours of others, this is known as...?
Fundamental attribution error
300
What OP did Mrs Tomlin get?
(1-25, 1= highest)
5!
400
State two symptoms of Parkinson's disease.
Involuntary movement of hands, arms, feet, legs, jaws, head. Difficulty walking, slowness of movement, rigidity.
Also non-motor symptoms such as reduced facial expressions, pain, depression, dementia, difficulty sleeping.
400
Author?
Cialdini (et al.)!
400
In the step of transmission for auditory stimuli, where does the cochlea send auditory information to?
(Auditory nerve) -> thalamus (via brain stem) + primary auditory cortex (temporal lobe)
400
Which Gestalt principle is demonstrated in this image?
Figure-ground
400
The Working Memory Model describes short-term memory as a system with multiple components. Two of these are the central executive and the episodic buffer. What are the other two?
Visuospatial sketchpad
Phonological loop
400
Social influence theory identifies three processes that an individual can go through to achieve attitude change. What are they?
Compliance
Identification
Internalisation
400
A student begins submitting homework regularly because doing so stops their teacher from sending reminder emails. Identify the operant-conditioning process and justify your response.
This is negative reinforcement. The student’s homework-submission behaviour increases because an unpleasant stimulus - the reminder emails - is removed.
400
Name two students who were in this class at the start of Year 11, but left the subject before we started Unit 3.
Ryan Edgar
Emerson Barton
Jasmine Brown
Ezra Lee
500
What are steps 1 -> 4 in this action potential graph?
1: Resting potential
2: Depolarisation
3: Repolarisation
4: Hyperpolarisation
500
Author?
Grant (et al.)!
500
What is the name for the specialised neurons in the brain that respond to specific visual stimuli, such as lines, edges, shapes, or movements?
Feature detectors!
500
In the article about how culture can influence visual perception (de Bruine, Vredeveldt and van Koppen (2018)), what was the only factor that had an impact on participants' performance in all three tests (depth perception, visuospatial processing, object recognition).
Hint: it's not culture!
Education level (participants with a higher level of education performed better in all three tests!).
500
What does the Levels of Processing model suggest about memory retention?
It suggests a deeper level of processing during encoding results in better retrieval from long- term memory.
500
What is the difference between descriptive norms and injunctive norms?
Descriptive norms describe what MOST PEOPLE DO in a given situation (e.g. a sign on a bin saying "KGSC students don't litter")
Injunctive norms are expectations/rules around HOW PEOPLE SHOULD BEHAVE (e.g. a sign on a bin saying "All rubbish should be placed in the bin")
500
State three ways that prejudice can be formed.
Scapegoating (blaming a person/group for a negative event/result/action)
Direct experience (if negative = negative attitude)
Group prejudice (reinforced by group norms + beliefs)
Prejudiced personality (authoritarian personality type)
500
This is me at my Year 12 Formal! What year was this photo taken?
2001!