Weathering
What is weathering?
Chemical or physical process in which rocks are worn down
What is Erosion?
Carrying away of soil, rock, and other materials on the Earth's surface
When roots grow into cracks of rocks & cause the rock to break (just like the roots that crack the sidewalk)
Plant Root Growth
A volcano is surrounded by water. When the lava hardens, what LANDFORM will form?
an island
How do wind and water change rocks over time?
They change the shape of the rocks
Water freezes in the cracks of rocks and then expands, break the rock apart.
This is an example of ____________ weathering.
How do the waves change the beach?
They deposit and wash away the sand
When particles carried by water, ice, or wind are dropped in another location.
Deposition
Fill in the blank:
This LANDFORM is covered with GRASSLANDS. It is flat/broad & we call it the Great ____________.
the Great plains
This mountain in Hawaii was formed by what process?
active volcano
How does wind cause weathering?
Blowing sand can wear away a rock's surface and break it down
The flat area surrounding the mouth of the Mississippi River, the __________, is covered with rich sediments important to farming in the area.
Delta
The breakdown of rock into smaller pieces by physical means
Mechanical Weathering
Mount Olympus consists of sedimentary rock. How will this mountain MOST likely change over time?
The edges and peaks of the mountain will slowly erode
What would MOST LIKELY cause the rock to break apart?
Water freezes in the cracks
Which statement DOES NOT describe how rocks may be WEATHERED?
A. Water fills tiny spaces inside a rock
B. Rock pieces are moved from place to place
C. Plant root can grow between cracks in rocks
D. Living things, like moss and lichens, break down rocks
B. Rock pieces are moved from place to place
Ms. Steverson planted thick plants & bushes on the side of a slope in her yard.
What was MOST LIKELY her problem?
Rainwater would wash away the topsoil as it ran down the slope.
The process by which rocks break down as a result of chemical reactions.
Examples: water, weak acids, and air
Chemical Weathering
What LANDFORM FEATURE is described below?
- a river breaks it banks
- layers of sediment
- gradually build up
- often important aquifers
- made of sand, gravel, loam, silt, &/or clay
flood plain
Consider how sedimentary rocks are formed: from sediments! Sediments are composed of particles that often come from existing rocks. How are these particles produced?
Weathering
Chemical weathering
Fill in the Blank:
At the bend of a stream, __________ occurs on the outside of a meander bend and __________ occurs on the inside of the meander bend.
Deposition & Weathering
The reaction of a substance with oxygen. When iron in rocks reacts with oxygen, it forms iron oxide, which weakens the rock.
Oxidation
Fill in the Blank:
Caves like this one can be found all around. Most caves are formed in a soft rock called ________________.
limestone
Ms. Steverson's family hiked to a waterfall. At the bottom of the waterfall, they noticed many small pebbles with smooth edges on the bottom of the stream.
Her family added more rocks to the stream at the bottom of the waterfall, what should they expect to happen to the size of the rocks over time?
The rocks would become smaller