Biochemical Reactions
What is metabolism?
all of chemical reactions within each cell of an organism.
What are metabolic reactions controlled by?
Enzymes
What is denaturation?
Enzymes active sites gets deformed and loses its specific shape.
What is Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)?
An energy carrying molecule that carries/store energy for cell functions
How does ATP become ADP? Where does energy go? How is it used?
The bond between the second and third phosphorous group is broken and energy is released for cellular processes
What is a chemical reaction?
the breaking and forming of bonds between different substances during chemical changes.
What is an enzyme?
Mostly proteins that speed up biochemical reactions by lowering the activation energy.
Name 5 ways to change the rate of a chemical reaction
2. pH
3. Catalyst
4. Competitive inhibitor
5. Substrate concentration
What is the main energy currency for the cell?
ATP
What is an endothermic reaction?
A reaction that absorbs energy (in the form of heat or light)
What provides energy for life's processes and creates key molecules?
Metabolism
What do enzymes bind to in order to break or form bonds?
Reactants or Substrates
DOUBLE JEOPARDY
How does temperature change the rate of a chemical reaction?
Increasing temperature increases the rate because molecules move faster and collides with each other.
What is the structure of the ATP
Nitrogen base (adenine), sugar ring (ribose), and 3 phosphate groups
Is photosynthesis an exothermic or endothermic reaction?
Endothermic (energy is stored as chemical energy in sugar)
What is the difference between Catabolic and Anabolic reactions?
Catabolic break down larger molecules into simpler compounds/ a release in energy= exergonic. Anabolic builds larger molecules from smaller ones it=endergonic
What do enzymes have that only fit one substrate?
Active Site
What does a competitive inhibitor do?
Competes with the substrate for the active site on the enzyme
DOUBLE JEOPARDY
When is energy released?
When the bond between the second and third phosphate is broken
What is an exothermic reaction?
reaction that releases energy (in the form of heat or light)
What are reactants?
Substances that are changed during a chemical reaction
Correct the statement: Enzymes are changed during a chemical reaction and can only be used once.
How does substrate concentration speed up the rate of chemical reactions?
The higher the amount of substrate,the faster the reaction.
What happens when ATP is broken down?
It is released into energy for the cell and becomes ADP and a phosphate.
Is cellular respiration an exothermic or endothermic reaction?
Chemical energy in sugar is converted to chemical energy, released as ATP, therefore it is an EXOTHERMIC reaction.