Molecular Properties
The cell membrane controls what enters and exits the cell, a property known as...
What type of transport requires energy to move across the membrane?
Active Transport
Increasing this property of a cell (relative to volume) speeds up diffusion?
What is surface area?
Some parts of the cell membrane face outwards because they are...
What are the three types of passive transport across cell membranes?
1. Simple Diffusion
2. Facilitated Diffusion
3. Osmosis
As this property increases, particles move faster and diffusion speeds up.
What is temperature?
Electrons are unequally shared between atoms in a molecule in a property known as....
Polarity
During facilitated diffusion, molecule use the help of ________ to transport across the membrane.
What are proteins? (protein channel/transport)
When molecules must travel across a thick cell membrane, the diffusion rate is slower because of what property?
What is distance?
Molecules such as table salt cannot readily diffuse across the cell membrane. This is because they are...
Charged!
All ions/ionic molecules (Na+, Cl-, Mg+) are charged and polar!
What kind of molecules need to use facilitated diffusion?
What are large or polar molecules?
The energy due to movement is called
What is kinetic energy?
Why do water-soluble vitamins need to use active transport during digestion?
They are polar, which is why they dissolve easily in water.
Since the cell membrane has a nonpolar interior, water-soluble vitamins must use transport proteins to move through the membrane.
If a plant needs oxygen in order to transport a molecule across the membrane, what kind of transport is it using?
What is Active Transport?
It is using oxygen to produce energy using cellular respiration.
To increase the rate of diffusion and increase surface area, the small intestine of vertebrates are lined with finger-like projections called...
What are villi?