1
34. Francis Bacon and Rene Descartes were both advocates of what method?
Scientific Method
7. A system of government in which a ruler holds total power
Absolutism
33. Individual freedom was the most important theme throughout what era?
Enlightenment era
22. Rational and logical thinking were major concepts promoted by philosophers of what era?
Enlightenment era
6. Which invention helped prove the heliocentric theory?
Telescope
1. Who discovered the heliocentric theory?
Copernicus
3. Who is credited with being the first to use the telescope to look into space?
Galileo
15. Which city was considered the “capital” of the Enlightenment era?
Paris
26. What was Louis the XIV’s nickname?
Sun King
23. Many European monarchs of the 1600s stated they were given the power to rule by whom?
God
14. Who supported the King in the English Civil War?
Cavaliers
13. Which group supported Parliament in the English Civil War?
Parliament
5. Why was the Copernican theory about the sun widely rejected?
It went against the church's teachings.
2. Who established the geocentric theory?
Ptolemy
35. “For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction” is one of Newton's what?
3 laws of motion
24. Who took the throne after James II fled during the Glorious Revolution?
William and Mary of Orange
19. What phrase was made famous by John Locke?
Life, Liberty, and Property
18. Which European ruler is the traditional example of an absolute ruler?
Louis XIV
17. What document granted civil liberties to privileged classes in England?
Bill of Rights
21. Which enlightenment thinker came up with the idea of natural human rights?
John Locke
4. Scientists, Philosophers, and supporters of the Enlightenment would agree that the best way to gain knowledge and answers is through what?
Experimentation and observation
31. Which group of people did most Enlightenment thinkers believe to be inferior?
Women
30. Most philosophers of the enlightenment agreed that the freedom of what should be granted?
Religion
28.What kind of government was established after the death of Oliver Cromwell?
Monarchy
9. Who is best known for his writing of the “Social Contract?”
Rousseau
12. What type of government did Oliver Cromwell establish?
Military Dictatorship
10. Who wrote “A Vindication of the Rights of Women?”
Mary Wollstonecraft
8. How did Louis XVI maintain complete authority over the nobles in France?
Moved the capital to Versailles and distracted the nobles and royal princes with court life to keep them out of politics
32. The Social Contract was derived from what?
Human Nature
29. How did the Glorious Revolution get its name?
No bloodshed
27. What kind of government was immediately established after the English Civil War?
Republic
25. Which Enlightenment thinker was known for the idea of separation of powers?
Montesquieu
20. Which group of people suffered the greatest loss of authority as absolute monarchy took hold in Europe in the 17th century?
Nobles
16. Enlightenment philosophers believed that the power of the government is derived from the governed. This was their argument against what theory?
Divine Right of the Kings
11. What two documents limited the power of the monarchy in England?
Bill of Rights and Magna Carta