Properties of Solutions (osmotic pressure and mixture types)
In osmosis water travels through what type of membrane?
Semi-premeable
What is the molarity of a solution that has 55g of NaCl in 100 L?
0.00941 M
T/F: A polar solute, such as CO2, would readily dissolve in water
True
How are temperature and volume related?
Directly proportional
What is the molar mass of CH3COOH
60.052 g/mol
In osmosis water flows from _____ solute concentrations to _____ solute concentrations
low, high
A chemist needs to prepare 500 mL of a saline solution with a mass/volume percent (m/v%) concentration of 5% NaCl (sodium chloride). How many grams of NaCl are required to make this solution?
25 g
What type of electrolyte is CaCl2, when it interacts with water?
Strong
If a sample of Chlorine gas (Cl2) has a volume of 2000mL, with 90g of mass, at 3 atm and 36C, what are these values in:
-Liters
-Moles
-mmHg
-Kelvins
Volume= 2L
Mass=1.285 moles Cl2
Pressure= 2280 mmHg
Temperature=309.15
Find the number of moles and the mass (in grams) of chlorine, Cl2, required to react with 10.0 g of sodium metal, Na, to produce sodium chloride, NaCl.
15.43 Cl
What process can we use to move water from high solute concentration to low solute concentration, using external pressure?
Reverse osmosis
You have 100 mL of a 2.0 M NaCl solution, and you want to dilute it to a 0.5 M solution. What volume should you add to the solution to achieve the desired molarity?
300mL
Is the compound CaSO4 soluble or not? According to what rule?
No, rule 4, Sulfates (SO₄²⁻) are soluble, except for those containing calcium (Ca²⁺), strontium (Sr²⁺), barium (Ba²⁺), and lead (Pb²⁺).
A balloon that is 100.21 L at 21 °C and 0.981 atm is released and just barely clears the top of Mount Crumpet in British Columbia. If the final volume of the balloon is 144.53 L at a temperature of 5.24 °C, what is the pressure experienced by the balloon as it clears Mount Crumpet?
0.644 atm
How many atoms of CaCl2 can be produced from 65.0 g of Ca(OH)2 according to the following UNBALANCED reaction,
___Ca(OH)2 + ___HCl → ___CaCl2 + ___H2O
5.289 x 10^23 atoms
A 0.2 M sucrose solution is kept in contact with a 0.06 M sucrose solution via a semi-permeable membrane, which direction is the water going to flow?
Towards the 0.2 M solution because it flows from low to high concentration
How many moles of NaCl are present in 500 mL of a 0.75 M NaCl solution?
0.375
At 25°C, the solubility of potassium nitrate (KNO3) in water is 35 grams per 100 mL of water. You add 50 grams of KNO3 to 100 mL of water at 25°C and stir until no more dissolves. Is this solution saturated or unsaturated?
Saturated
A 4.0 L container at 25 C is filled with 2.0 g neon and 8.0 g helium. What is the total pressure of the mixture?
13 atm
Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) reacts with Phosphoric acid (H3PO4) to form Sodium Phosphate (Na3PO4) and water (H2O). If 35.6 grams of NaOH is reacted with 30.8 grams of H3PO4, what is the limiting reactant?
NaOH
If I place a Red Blood Cell (RBC) in a solution with a lower concentration of solutes than the RBC, what type of solution is it?
A hypotonic solution!
What volume (in liters) of 1.50 M aqueous KOH solution is needed to fully react with 6.00 g of HNO₃?
The balanced reaction is:
HNO3(aq)+KOH(aq)→H2O(l)+KNO3(aq)
0.0635 liters
Write the net ionic equation between AgNO3 and NaCl, using the balanced equation (Note: you need to find the states of matter)
AgNO3 + NaCl → AgCl + NaNO3
Ag+(aq) + Cl−(aq)→AgCl(s)
A 2.00L mixture of helium, nitrogen, and neon has a total pressure of 815 mmHg at a temperature of 255K. If the partial pressure of helium is 201 mmHg and the partial pressure of nitrogen is 351 mmHg, what mass of neon is present in the mixture?
0.03307 moles of Ne
Copper reacts with Silver (I) nitrate to form the products silver and copper (II) nitrate. How many grams of silver will be produced from 5 grams of copper and 1 gram of silver (I) nitrate?
0.635 g Ag