Definitions
Sociology
The scientific study of human society that focuses on society.
Values
Deeply held beliefs and principles that guide our judgements about what is important, right, and wrong in life.
Competition
When two or more people or groups oppose each other to achieve a goal that only one can attain
What is ascribed status?
Status assigned according to qualities beyond someone's control.
Name and explain a type of social interaction.
Exchange. It is whenever people interact in an effort to receive a reward or a return for their activities.
Society
A group of people living together in an organized community, sharing common traditions, institutions, and culture.
Sets of behaviors, expectations, and responsibilities associated with a particular social position.
Reciprocity
The idea that if yo do something for someone, that person owes you something in return
What is role strain?
When a person has difficulty meeting the role expectations.
Name 5 social institutions
Family, Economic Institution, Political Institution, Education, Religion
Culture
The shared beliefs, values, customs, behaviors, and artifacts that characterize a group of people and are passed down.
A person’s social position or rank within a group or society, often associated with certain rights, responsibilities, and expectations.
Social Institutions
Established systems of rules, norms, and values that organize important societal functions.
Describe a role set.
The different roles attached to a single status.
Example of Social Change
LGBTQIA+ rights
Lifelong process of learning the norms, values, behaviors, and social skills appropriate to a particular society.
Functionalism
The theory that mental states are defined by their functional roles.
Social Change
Transformation in social structures, institutions, norms, and/or values over time.
What is master status?
Plays the greatest role in shaping a person's life and determining someone's social identity.
Example of Conflict Theory
The 2008 financial crisis.
Norms
Unwritten rules and expectations that guide the behavior of individuals within a society,
Conflict Theory
Society is structured around competition for limited resources leading to inequality.
Symbolic Interactionism
How people create meaning and understanding through their interactions and shared symbols.
What is role conflict?
Fulfilling the role expectations of one status makes it difficult to fulfill the role.
Example of Functionalism
Socialization or Social Control