Vocabulary 1
A symptom
The Large Intestine
Complete the analogy:
The villi are to the _____ as the alveoli are to the _____
small intestine; lungs
Give the full chemical reaction.
Smallest unit of life?
A chemical that allows you to detect the presence (or absence) of a substance
What type(s) of food molecules are broken down in the stomach?
Complex Carbohydrates
Proteins
Fats
What are the inputs into the respiratory system? The outputs?
Inputs are O2 and the Outputs are CO2
Where does cellular respiration occur?
The mitochondria of cells
The mechanical and chemical breakdown of food
The cell membrane is..
a semi-permeable structure that allows some things to pass through but not all
Why can starch molecules not leave the small intestine?
Because the starch is too large; it must be broken down into glucose
What are the key structures of the circulatory system?
Blood, Veins/Arteries, and the Heart
Explain how and why glucose levels change throughout the day
Glucose increases after eating and digestion occurs. It decreases as the body uses energy (glucose) throughout the day.
A specific enzyme found in the mouth that breaks down Complex Carbohydrates into glucose molecules
The structure in the small intestine responsible for the absorption of food molecules
The Villi
Water
Fiber
A student works out after school and finds themselves breathing heavier. Explain why this is happening.
The student is using energy, so their body needs to take in more oxygen. Oxygen is required to break down food molecules, which provide energy to the body.
What happens in the body if there is no input of glucose?
The body is unable to obtain energy from new FM, so it starts to break down fats and other stored FM for energy.
It can also lead to other complications.
Define cellular respiration
The structure inside the lungs that is the site of gas exchange
The alveoli
Fully explain how digestion works
In the mouth--> CC are broken up into glucose with the help of amylase and teeth (chemical and mechanical digestion occur)
In the stomach --> FM are broken down through chemical and mechanical digestion
In the S.I --> FM that are broken down leave the SI via the bloodstream, except for fiber and water
In the LI --> Fiber and water pass through on their way to the toilet
How does the Circulatory System work with the Respiratory system?
O2 molecules flow through the nose/mouth to trachea, then to the bronchi. After the bronchi, it goes to the bronchioles and then into the alveoli, a sac where gas (CO2 and O2) are exchanged. Then O2 goes into the blood stream and to the locations that it needs to to be used.
What body systems are responsible for cellular respiration? Explain how they work.
Circulatory
Digestive
Respiratory
control groups are used as comparisons, and have no independent variables.
Experimental groups have variables and are how you are testing the independent variable