Pathos, Logos, Ethos
"Thousands of animals suffer in shelters every year. Just one small donation can help save a life!"
Pathos
Statement: Fast food is unhealthy.
Which is the best supporting evidence?
A) "Many people enjoy eating at fast food restaurants."
B) "Fast food often contains high levels of sodium, sugar, and unhealthy fats, which can lead to obesity and heart disease."
C) "I think fast food tastes really good."
B) "Fast food often contains high levels of sodium, sugar, and unhealthy fats, which can lead to obesity and heart disease."
Childlike, Youthful, Immature
Youthful – Positive
Childlike – Neutral
Immature – Negative
"Studies show that students who read for 20 minutes a day score 30% higher on standardized tests."
Logos
Statement: Exercise improves mental health.
Which is the best supporting evidence?
A) "Exercise helps release endorphins, which reduce stress and anxiety."
B) "Some people like running, while others prefer lifting weights."
C) "I always feel happy after I go to the gym."
A) "Exercise helps release endorphins, which reduce stress and anxiety."
Lazy, Relaxed, Easygoing
Easygoing – Positive
Relaxed – Neutral
Lazy – Negative
"As a doctor with 20 years of experience, I can confidently say that this treatment is the best for your condition."
Ethos
Statement: Students should get more sleep to improve their academic performance.
Which is the best supporting evidence?
A) "Studies show that students who sleep at least 8 hours perform better on tests."
B) "I like staying up late to watch movies."
C) "Some students prefer studying late at night."
A) "Studies show that students who sleep at least 8 hours perform better on tests."
Inexpensive, Cheap, Affordable
Affordable – Positive
Inexpensive – Neutral
Cheap – Negative
"Imagine being trapped in a storm with no shelter, no food, and no hope. That’s what thousands of families face every day."
Pathos
Statement: Reading books is beneficial for brain development.
Which is the best supporting evidence?
A) "Many people think reading is fun."
B) "Research shows that reading strengthens neural connections and improves vocabulary."
C) "I enjoy reading fantasy books the most."
B) "Research shows that reading strengthens neural connections and improves vocabulary."
Confident, Arrogant, Self-Assured
Self-Assured – Positive
Confident – Neutral
Arrogant – Negative
"The CDC states that washing hands reduces the spread of illness by 40%."
Logos
Statement: Water pollution is a major environmental problem.
Which is the best supporting evidence?
A) "Polluted water contains harmful chemicals that can kill aquatic life."
B) "I think clean water is very important."
C) "Many people like to swim in lakes and rivers."
A) "Polluted water contains harmful chemicals that
Gaze, Stare, Glance
Gaze – Positive
Glance – Neutral
Stare – Negative