Natural Law I
Broadest category of Law which expresses God's wise plan for all of creation.
What is Eternal Law?
Feature of Utilitarianism that bases value on pleasure
What is Hedonism
What is the principle that helps determine when an action if permissible if it has foreseeable bad consequences along with the good.
What is the Principle (or Doctrine) of double effect?
This kind of duty, according to Kant, cannot be overridden by anything-- it's a duty one must always keep.
What is a perfect duty?
Name for the precept that says, "Do Good and Avoid Evil"
What is the First Precept of Practical Reason. (also acceptable: First Precept of the Natural Law)
Kind of Law that shows humans how to attain their supernatural end.
What is Divine Law?
Philosopher who said it's better to be Socrates dissatisfied than a pig satisfied.
Who is John Stuart Mill
Directly causing the death of a patient for the sake of putting an end to their suffering.
What is Euthanasia?
This kind of duty can be overridden if it conflicts with something more important.
What is an imperfect duty?
The definition of this term is "makes something--like a law--known."
What is "Promulgation"
The Law expressing humankind participation in the Eternal Law.
What is Natural Law?
It was this feature of Utilitarianism that Jeremy Bentham introduced to reform the Common Law system so it didn't just favor the rich and powerful.
What is Impartiality?
The action of telling a lie goes against these basic goods.
Knowledge, Friendship, Peaceful Society, etc.
Categorical Imperative that says you should only act according to that maxim which you can will to be a universal law of nature.
What is the Universal Law Formula?
The kind of Law derived from the Natural Law that allows people to apply the Natural Law to the particular circumstances of their communities.
What is Human law?
The first necessary condition for Law according to Aquinas.
What is "ordinance of reason"?
Peter Singer uses this analogy to argue for the claim that if it's in our power to prevent something bad from happening without thereby sacrificing something of equal or greater value, we ought to do it.
What is the drowning child analogy?
The Church teaches that all patients, now matter what, are entitled to this level of care.
What is Ordinary Care?
Formulation of the Categorical Imperative that says you should treat humanity--whether in yourself or in others- as an End and not as a mere means.
What is the Humanity Formula?
The inclination to this basic good explains why we cannot take our own lives.
What is survival (self-preservation)?
The inclination for this basic good is what determines the principles governing sexual ethics.
What is Procreation?
Where Bentham thinks pleasures ought to be compared quantitatively, J.S. Mill thinks they should be compared...
What is Qualitatively?
Aquinas says this kind of lie constitutes a mortal sin.
What is a malicious (or pernicious) lie?
The state, according to Kant, of being led by anything other than your own practical rational will.
What is 'heteronomy'?
These plus the human faculty of Practical Reason explain how the Natural Law is promulgated.
What are Inclinations for Basic Goods?