Big Business
What was the name given to the period of rapid industrial growth, extreme wealth, and widespread political corruption in the late 1800s?
What is the Gilded Age?
What organizations did workers create to fight for better wages, shorter hours, and safer working conditions?
What are Labor Unions?
What term describes the rapid growth of cities as people move from rural areas or other countries?
What is Urbanization?
What political movement emerged in the late 1800s to address the economic struggles of farmers?
What is Populism?
What was the primary goal of the Progressive movement?
What is to address problems caused by industrialization, urbanization, and political corruption through reforms?
Which businessman dominated the American oil industry through Standard Oil?
Who is John D. Rockfeller?
Which labor union, led by Samuel Gompers, focused primarily on skilled workers and improving wages and working conditions?
What is the American Federation of Labor?
What immigration processing station in New York Harbor received millions of immigrants, primarily from Europe?
What is Ellis Island?
What political party formed in 1892 to represent farmers and working-class Americans?
What is the Populist Party?
What were journalists who exposed corruption and social problems during the Progressive Era called?
What are Muckrakers?
What business strategy involves controlling every step of production, from raw materials to selling the finished product?
What is Vertical Integration?
What was the primary purpose of strikes during the Gilded Age?
To pressure employers to improve wages, working conditions, and employee rights.
What were overcrowded, poorly maintained apartment buildings where many urban immigrants lived called?
What are Tenements?
Why did many farmers support the free coinage of silver?
What is they believed expanding the money supply would cause inflation, raise crop prices, and make debts easier to repay?
Which muckraker wrote The Jungle, exposing unsanitary conditions in the meatpacking industry?
Who is Upton Sinclair?
What is the difference between a robber baron and a captain of industry?
Robber barons were criticized for exploiting workers and eliminating competition, while captains of industry were praised for creating jobs, contributing to economic growth, and practicing philanthropy.
Which 1894 railroad strike was broken up after the federal government intervened, claiming it interfered with mail delivery?
What is the Pullman Strike?
What was the purpose of settlement houses such as Hull House, founded by Jane Addams?
To provide immigrants and low-income families with education, childcare, and other social services.
What famous speech did William Jennings Bryan deliver in 1896 supporting free silver?
What is the Cross of Gold Speech?
Which constitutional amendment gave women the right to vote nationwide?
What is the 19th Amendment?
How did the growth of monopolies during the Gilded Age affect consumers and competition?
Monopolies eliminated competition, allowing businesses to control prices and dominate industries, often harming consumers and smaller businesses.
Explain why labor unions struggled to achieve their goals during the Gilded Age.
Businesses opposed unionization, workers could be replaced, courts often sided with employers, and government intervention frequently supported businesses over workers.
How did political machines gain and maintain power in growing American cities?
What are they provided jobs, services, and assistance to immigrants and poor residents in exchange for votes and political loyalty?
Identify TWO economic problems farmers faced during the late 1800s and explain how those problems contributed to the Populist movement.
What is the Farmers faced falling crop prices, high railroad shipping rates, debt, and high interest rates. These problems encouraged farmers to organize politically and demand government reforms?
How did Booker T. Washington and W. E. B. Du Bois differ in their approaches to achieving African American equality?
What is Washington emphasized vocational education and economic advancement, while Du Bois advocated higher education, political activism, and immediate civil rights?