US Expansion
What is Manifest Destiny?
The belief that Americans had a god-given right to all land in North America
What political party was Andrew Jackson a part of and who were his biggest supporters?
Democrat
The common man
What were the economies based on in the North, South, and West?
North - Industry/factories
South - Plantations/King Cotton
West - California Gold Rush, small farms, fur
I believe that citizens cannot be both ignorant and free. In order to promote democracy, the public needs to be educated—not just the rich. Therefore, education should be paid for by the public taxes and available to all different social groups. Education should also be taught by well trained and professional teachers. What reform movement is this and who am I?
Education Reform
Horace Mann
What was the purpose of the Monroe Doctrine?
To limit European influence in Latin America
To protect the US from other countries interfering with Manifest Destiny
Thomas Jefferson doubled the size of the US with what deal?
The Louisiana Purchase
What are 2 ways that Andrew Jackson increased the power of the President?
Double Points: What did his opponents accuse him of?
1. Ignored Congress and the Supreme Court
2. Vetoed more bills than the first 6 presidents combined
Double: They accused him of being a King who abused his power
How did sectionalism develop between the North and South during the early 1800s?
I visited a Massachusetts prison and was horrified at what I saw—many mentally ill people being jailed with criminals. I started the prison reform movement, spending the next 40 years working to establish state hospitals for people with mental illness. During the Civil War, I set up field hospitals, trained nurses, and managed supplies. What reform movement is this? Who am I?
Prison/Asylum Reform
Dorothea Dix
Why was Texas not admitted to the US when it became independent in 1836?
Northern states did not want to add a slave state without adding a free state to balance it out.
This treaty secured the Oregon Territory and defined the 49th parallel as the northern border of the US. What was this treaty called and who was it with?
The Oregon Treaty with Great Britain
Give 2 reasons why Andrew Jackson won the Election of 1828 so handily.
1. His mudslinging campaign during John Quincy Adams' term
2. Universal male suffrage increase his support
List one piece of new technology that was important in the North, South, and West* during this time period
North - steam engine, kerosene lamps, telegraph
South - Cotton Gin
West* - Railroads (supported the need for it, but it would come later)
I held the famous Seneca Falls Convention in 1848 where I and many other women and men argued for women's rights. I wrote the document The Declaration of Sentiments where I proposed women receive the right to vote. What reform movement is this? Who am I?
Women's Rights/Suffrage
Elizabeth Cady Stanton or Susan B. Anthony
How did the Declaration of Sentiments contribute to the Women's Rights movement?
It applied the values of Declaration of Independence to how women were treated in society.
This treaty made Florida a part of the United States, defined the western border of the Louisiana Territory, and got Spain out of the Pacific Northwest. What was this treaty?
Adams Onis Treaty
What was Andrew Jackson's opinion on the National Bank?
He vetoed its recharter because he believed...
- It was a tool of the wealthy who would use it to harm the country
- He wanted the money in state (pet) banks
How did the North and South feel about Henry Clay's American system and why?
North - Supported it because it protected businesses and provided better access to the resources in the west
South - Opposed it tariffs hurt them and they wouldn't benefit from the roads as much
I fought to ban the sale and distribution of alcohol from American society. Americans spend over a billion dollars each year on alcohol compared to less than 200 million on public education. I blame alcohol for poverty, the breakup of families, and crime. Plus, it's not fair that political events often happen in saloons—from which women are not allowed. Therefore, the voices of women like myself can never be heard and your opinions are not valued. What reform movement is this? Who am I?
Temperance
Carrie Nation, Susan B. Anthony, or Frances Willard
Why was the 2nd Great Awakening important in US history?
People started to believe that they could reach heaven through hard work, which led to many reform movements.
This treaty was signed with Mexico, giving the US land that is now California, Arizona, New Mexico, Nevada, Colorado, and Utah. What is this treaty and what what else did the treaty do?
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Ended the Mexican-American War
Gave US access to Pacific Ports and Gold
What Supreme Court ruling did Jackson ignore when he passed the Indian Removal Act?
Double Points: How did he justify it to the Native Americans?
Worcester v. Georgia
Double: It would benefit the Native Americans to be removed from American society
What were the dominant political parties in the North and South after 1836? What did they both stand for?
North - Whigs - reform, gov't involvement in the economy, industry
South - Democrats - states' rights, nullification, secession
I founded the New England Anti-Slavery Society where I argued for IMMEDIATE emancipation—freeing all of enslaved peoples. I wrote the newspaper "The Liberator" where I wrote articles to show how immoral slavery was. What reform movement is this? Who am I?
Abolition
William Lloyd Garrison
What long term impact(s) did the War of 1812 have on the US?
Increased Andrew Jackson's fame after the Battle of New Orleans
Increase in Nationalism
Put these US land acquisitions in order from first to latest. Double Points for the years of each.
Gadsden Purchase, Louisiana Purchase, Mexican Cession, Texas Annexation, Oregon Treaty, Adams-Onis Treaty
Louisiana Purchase - 1803
Adams-Onis Treaty - 1819
Texas Annexation - 1845
Oregon Treaty - 1846
Mexican Cession - 1848
Gadsden Purchase - 1854
Describe each step of the Nullification Crisis
1. John Quincy Adams issues the Tariff of 1828 (abominations), placing a 38% tax on imported goods. This helped northern business, but hurt the south.
2. Andrew Jackson passes the Tariff of 1832, lowering the tax
3. South Carolina claims they can nullify the tariff
4. Andrew Jackson threatens to send in the military to collect the tax
5. A compromise tariff is reached
How were the population patterns of the North, South, and West changing during the mid 1800s?
North - Irish Immigrants, more people in cities to work in factories, more mill towns like Lowell
South - Increase in the slave population due to the rise in demand for cotton
West - German Immigrants in the Midwest, California Gold Rush, Oregon Trail, Mormons
Explain how each of the following contributed to the Abolition movement,
Harriet Tubman, Frederick Douglass, John Brown, Harriet Beecher Stowe.
Harriet Tubman - organized the Underground Railroad
Frederick Douglass - escaped slavery, spoke and wrote against slavery
John Brown - led a violent revolt trying to capture the arsenal in Harpers Ferry
Harriet Beecher Stowe - wrote Uncle Tom's Cabin, which helped to change people's attitude about slavery
What were the 3 parts of Henry Clay's American System?
National Bank - to provide cheap credit to farmers and merchants
Tariffs - tax foreign goods to decrease competition for american businesses
Internal Improvements - using funding from the tariffs to invest in infrastructure in the West