Skill Acquisition
Classify kicking a penalty in soccer as an open/closed, fine/gross, discrete/serial or continuous skill.
Closed, gross, discrete
Define intertia
The resistance of a body to change in its state of motion
What is an ATP molecule made up of? And where is the energy stored in ATP.
Adenosine + 3 phosphates - stored in the phosphate bonds
Define oxygen uptake (VO2)
Amount of oxygen transported to, taken up by and used by the body for energy production
Name a body system that experiences an acute response to exercise.
Cardiovascular system OR Respiratory System OR Muscular System
Describe the relationship between motor skill development, participation and performance
Increase in motor skill development > increase in performance (success) -> increases participation (motivation) -> practise more increased motor skill development (cycle continues)
Describe the difference between distance and displacement
distance is the length of space between two points (total amount covered) where as displacement is the difference between the initial position and final position of an object.
ATP-CP - Creatine phosphate
Anaerobic glycolysis - glycogen
Aerobic glycolysis - glycogen/fat (and technically protein in very small amounts
Describe oxygen deficit and describe a period during exercisewhen oxygen deficit occur.
The state in which the oxygen supply is below the oxygen demand needed to meet energy requirement of the activity. Start of exercise, periods of increased intensity.
Identify 2 cardiovascular acute responses to exercise
Increased stroke volume / Increased Heart Rate / Increased cardiac output / redistribution of blood flow / increased blood pressure / increased avo2-diff
Describe the difference between part or whole practise.
Whole practise - learning all of the skill whole - practising the whole skill at once
Identify the equation for moment of interita
MOI = m x r2
Describe the process of ATP being resynthesized from the ATP-CP system.
creatine phosphate --> creating + Pi -> energy. Energy used to put Pi and ADP back together to form ATP.
Describe steady state and describe how you would know when an athlete has reached steady state.
The state in which oxygen supply equals oxygen demand. HR plateaus, RR plateaus.
State the equation for cardiac output
Describe augmented feedback and the identify the type of feedback which does not involve looking at the outcome of the skill
•Information about a skill performance that comes from an external source - could come from; an instructor or coach, video analysis, monitors or specific data - knowledge of performance
Describe conservation of momentum
When two bodies collide, their combined momentum is conserved – momentum stays the same.
Identify the energy system major contributor for a 100m sprint
Describe excess post-exercise oxygen consumption and give 1 factor that impact the duration of EPOC
The amount of oxygen consumed during the recovery period after exercise has stopped that is over and above the amount usually required during rest.
Factors: elevated muscle temp / increased use of mitochondria / increased ATP production ? restoring CP stores / lactate production during exercise
Identify 2 muscular acute responses and 1 respiratory acute response to exercise
Muscular response - increased motor unit and muscle fibre / increased blood flow in the muscles / increased muscle temperature / increased muscle enzyme activity / increased oxygen extraction and utilisation / decreased muscle substrate levels / increased avo2 diff
Respiratory response - increased RR / increased TV / increased V / increased oxygen uptake / increased pulmonary diffusion
To believe in one’s ability to execute a task/goal successfully - is which psychological skill and give a strategy for improving this psych skill
Confidence
Application to practice
Positive self-talk
Visualisation
Goal setting
Establishing a supportive environment
What is the acronym used when discussion force summation (summation of momentum) in a question? Give the letter and what it stands for
B – Body parts – use as many body parts as possible
E – sEquence – heaviest and largest to smallest and lightest body parts in order
S – Stabilisation – stabilise each body part once it passes momentum to the next (avoids the loss of momentum
T – Timing – when previous body part reaches maximal velocity the next par must begin moving
During the final quarter of a basketball game, a player repeatedly sprints the length of the court, changes direction, jumps for rebounds, and defends opponents for several minutes. Between efforts, they have short periods of jogging or walking but continue moving for the entire quarter. The athlete begins to feel fatigue as the game progresses but is still able to perform repeated high-intensity efforts. Which energy system increases its contribution during the repeat sprints and justify?
Anaerobic glycolysis - cannot be ATP-CP because of the repeat efforts with no passive recovery to replenish CP stores
Define VO2 max and describe how we can tell when VO2 max is reached.
Definition: maximum amount of oxygen that can be taken up by, transported to and used by the body for energy production.
Reached: with an increase in intensity with the same oxygen uptake - oxygen uptake stays the same but intensity increases, if we havent reached VO2 max then oxygen uptake will increase with an increase in intensity because we would have previously been in steady state.
Describe avo2-difference.
The measure of the difference in the concentration of oxygen in the arterial blood and the concentration of oxygen in the venous blood.