SYMPTOMS, SIGNS, BLOOD AND ANAEMIA
What is the medical word for feeling very tired?
Fatigue.
What is the medical word for a very young child?
Infant.
What does the endocrine system produce?
Hormones
Which organ controls the body?
The brain
Which organs help us breathe?
The lungs.
What is the difference between a symptom and a sign?
A symptom is what a patient feels. A sign is what a doctor or nurse can observe or measure.
Which childhood disease causes an itchy rash with blisters?
Chickenpox
Which organ pumps blood around the body?
The heart
What is insomnia?
Difficulty sleeping
What is a rash?
Red or pink spots on the skin.
Name three main components of blood and give one function of each
Red blood cells carry oxygen.
White blood cells help fight infections.
Platelets help stop bleeding.
Name three ways to prevent infections.
Washing hands, keeping good hygiene and following infection prevention rules and other answers
Name three functions or processes controlled by hormones.
Growth, metabolism and blood sugar levels and others
Name three symptoms of depression.
Long-term sadness, loss of interest and fatigue. Other possible answers: sleep problems and difficulty concentrating.
Name three respiratory symptoms.
Cough, breathlessness and wheezing.
What happens when the body does not have enough healthy red blood cells or haemoglobin? Explain how this affects the body and name two common symptoms.
The body does not get enough oxygen. The patient may feel tired and weak. Two common symptoms are fatigue and dizziness.
Explain the difference between bacteria and viruses. Do antibiotics treat both?
Bacteria and viruses are different types of germs. Antibiotics can treat some bacterial infections, but they do not treat viral infections.
Explain the difference between hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism.
Hyperthyroidism means the thyroid gland produces too much hormone. Hypothyroidism means it produces too little hormone.
Explain the difference between numbness, weakness and tremor.
Numbness means loss of feeling.
Weakness means lack of strength.
Tremor means uncontrolled shaking.
Explain the difference between a rash, a blister and a bruise.
A rash is red or pink spots on the skin.
A blister is a small bubble filled with liquid.
A bruise is a blue or purple mark after an injury.
A 55-year-old patient feels very tired and weak. The patient looks pale(бледный). A blood test shows a low level of haemoglobin.
What condition may the patient have?
What is low in the patient's blood?
What test can help doctors identify this problem?
Name two possible causes of this condition.
The patient may have anaemia. The haemoglobin level is low. A full blood count can help identify this problem. Possible causes include iron deficiency and blood loss.
A 5-year-old child has a fever, an itchy rash and small blisters on the skin.
What disease may the child have?
Name two symptoms.
What should parents do?
Why is hygiene important?
The child may have chickenpox. The symptoms are fever, an itchy rash and blisters. Parents should contact a healthcare professional. Good hygiene helps prevent the spread of infection.
A patient complains of tiredness, weakness and dizziness. The patient also has a fast heartbeat.
Which cardiovascular organ works by pumping blood?
What is a pulse?
What instrument can a doctor use to listen to the heart?
What should a nurse check or ask the patient?
The heart pumps blood around the body. A pulse is the heartbeat we can feel, for example, at the wrist. A doctor uses a stethoscope to listen to the heart. A nurse can check the pulse and ask about the patient's symptoms.
A patient says: “I feel sad every day. I have no interest in my usual activities. I feel tired and have problems sleeping.”
What mental health condition may these symptoms suggest?
Name three symptoms from the case.
Which organ is responsible for controlling thoughts, feelings and body functions?
What should a nurse do to help this patient?
Depression.
Sadness, loss of interest, fatigue, problems sleeping.
The brain.
Listen to the patient, show support and recommend professional help.
A patient comes to the hospital with a cough and difficulty breathing. The patient also has a red rash and a blister on the arm.
Name two skin problems.
Which body system helps the patient breathe?
Which organ is important for breathing?
How can a nurse describe the patient's condition?
The patient has a cough and breathlessness. The skin problems are a rash and a blister. The respiratory system helps the patient breathe. The lungs are important for breathing. The nurse can say: “The patient has a cough, breathlessness, a rash and a blister.”