Vocabulary 3.1
Magma that erupts onto Earth's surface
What is lava?
Solve the following density problem:
mass= 25 D= m (g) / v (cm3)
volume= 5
D= 5 (g)/(cm3)
The way a mineral reflects light from its surface
What is luster?
Slow cooling creates _____ crystals and fast cooling creates ______ crystals
large; small
Gem cutter
What is a lapidary?
Not formed from living things or the remains of living things
What is inorganic?
How many crystal systems are found in minerals?
6
The mass per unit volume of a substance; measured in grams per cubic centimeter
What is density?
What are the #1 and #2 most abundant minerals on Earth?
#1- Feldspar
#2- Quartz
Unit of weight for gemstones; 1 _____= 200 milligrams
What is a carat?
The process that occurs when particles either melt or are dissolved in a liquid that solidify and form crystals
What is crystallization?
What is an example of an organic rock?
Coal
A mineral's ability to split easily along flat surfaces
What is cleavage?
1. List a useful metal
2. List a valuable gemstone
1. Iron, silver, gold, copper...
2. Diamond, ruby, emerald, sapphire...
A solid mixture of two or more elements, at least one of which is a metal
What is alloy?
A member of the mineral group that has silicon and oxygen in its crystal structure
Name three tests minerals can be identified from. (Example: color)
Three of these:
color, streak, luster, density, hardness, crystal systems, cleavage, fracture
Scientists who study the distribution of minerals, mineral properties, and their uses
What is a mineralogist?
True or False:
Halite is cubic.
True
A narrow deposit of a mineral that is sharply different from the surrounding rock
What is a vein?
What are the characteristics of a mineral:
N=
I=
S=
C=
D=
N= naturally occurring
I= inorganic
S= solid
C= crystal structure
D= definite chemical composition
1. Does shape or size affect a mineral's density?
2. Who created the Mohs Hardness Scale?
3. What is a common example of an alloy?
1. No
2. Friedrich Mohs
3. Steel
A scale ranking ten minerals from softest to hardest; used in testing the hardness of minerals; #1 softest mineral= talc; #10 hardest mineral= diamond
What is the Mohs Hardness Scale?
1. How do minerals form from magma and lava?
2. How do minerals form from water solutions?
1. Underground and on top of the earth's surface as they cool.
2. As the water evaporates and then the mineral recrystallizes.
A network of tunnels extending deep underground that follows the vein of ore for its removal
What are shaft mines?