Absolute Monarchy & Divine Right
According to Bishop Jacques Bossuet, a king’s authority comes from ________ and should be absolute.
Answer: divine right
Austria shifted its alliances in the mid-1700s because it began to see ________ as its biggest threat.
Answer: Prussia
The Scientific Revolution helped lead to the Enlightenment by encouraging people to rely on ________ to solve problems.
Answer: reason
In addition to its strong navy and trade network, territorial ________ helped Britain become a global power.
Answer: expansion
Believed people should have the right to overthrow a government that fails to protect their rights.
John Locke
Charles V and Philip II expanded the Spanish state by fighting wars and promoting ________.
Answer: Catholicism
Peter the Great attempted to modernize Russia by using his ________ power to rapidly introduce western ideas.
Answer: autocratic
John Locke believed that people have the right to ________ a government that violates their natural rights.
Answer: overthrow
The Declaration of Independence states that governments exist to protect each person’s ________ rights.
Answer: natural
A “Renaissance man” of the Enlightenment who was a scientist, writer, inventor, diplomat, and political leader.
Ben Franklin
Louis XIV increased his power by bringing the ________ under his control.
Answer: nobles
Both Austria and Prussia sought to consolidate ________ and expand their ________.
Answer: power / territory
In The Wealth of Nations, Adam Smith argued that the ________ should regulate business activity.
Answer: free market
The Declaration of Independence was influenced by John Locke’s idea of ________ rights.
Answer: natural
Leading Enlightenment thinker who defended freedom of speech and opposed censorship
Voltaire
The “Golden Century” in Spain and “Splendid Century” in France were both marked by royal support of the ________.
Answer: arts
Catherine the Great continued Peter’s policies by expanding Russian ________ and increasing ________.
Answer: territory / serfdom
Joseph II was considered a radical enlightened despot because he dealt directly with his ________ to understand their problems.
Answer: subjects
After the American Revolution began, the Continental Congress first formed an ________ and appointed ________ as commander.
Answer: army / George Washington
Primary author of the Declaration of Independence.
Thomas Jefferson
Henry IV helped bring peace to France by converting to ________ but granting rights to the ________.
Answer: Catholicism / Huguenots
The Peace of Westphalia made ________ and the ________ independent from the Holy Roman Empire.
Answer: the Netherlands / Swiss Confederation
Baroque art was grand and dramatic, while ________ art was lighter, elegant, and charming.
Answer: Rococo
The U.S. Constitution established the ________ of powers among different branches of government.
Answer: separation
Helped persuade Congress to declare independence and later became the first vice president of the United States.
John Adams