Rocks and Minerals
Weathering and erosion
Layers of the Earth
Toss up
100
What type of rock is shown? 
Igneous
100
What is the difference between chemical and mechanical weathering
Chemical weathering changes the chemical composition of the rock, while mechanical weathering only changes the physical structure.
100
List the layers of the earth from inner to outer
inner core, outer core, mantle, crust
100
Name 2 conditions that affect mineral formation
pressure, temperature, pH, oxygen, humidity/moisture
200
What type of rock is shown?
Sedimentary
200
What is the difference between weathering and erosion?
Weathering: breaking down of rock
Erosion: movement of broken down rock and other sediments
200
Which layer of the Earth is the hottest?
Inner core (also has extreme pressure!)
200
Name a mineral found in the Appalachian mountains
Any mineral from the. mineral project (ex. quartz)
300
What type of rock is shown?
Metamorphic
300
Explain how frost wedging works
Water finds its way into the cracks of rocks. When the water freezes and expands, it makes the crack larger or may cause a portion of rock to break off entirely.
300
What layer of the Earth is the thickest? What about the thinnest?
Thinnest: crust
Thickest: mantle
300
What is the difference between magma and lava?
Magma is underground, lava is above ground
400
What is the difference between and rock and a mineral?
Minerals have a definite chemical structure, rocks are made of multiple minerals.
400
What is abrasion?
Physical weathering process in which water, wind, or friction from other materials wears down the surface rock.
400
What do the convection currents of the mantle cause?
Earthquakes, tectonic movement, geologic events
400
What conditions are needed to form metamorphic rock
High heat and pressure
500
Draw a picture of the rock cycle. You must include: each type of rock, how they are formed, weathering and erosion.
500
Which particle of soil has the largest granule size? How does this impact its ability to retain water?
Sand is the largest. It has the lowest water retention.
500
Which parts of the Earth make up the lithosphere?
The crust and the upper (rigid) mantle
500
List the layers of soil from top to bottom
organic layer, topsoil, subsoil, parent material, bedrock