Pop-ur-lation and ecology
List three assumptions that need to be made in an exponential growth model?
No limit on food, space, resources, mates, competition or predators.
Why are leaves green?
*Answers must be sufficient, you must explain why in detail.
Solar energy comes as white light and choloplasts bounce the wavelenth that corresponds with green wavelength.
What is the first step of cellular respiration?
Glycolysis
What is a proton gradient and why is used in the ETC?
ATP synthase uses a proton gradient to reform ATP from ADP.
How does the saying "you have to spend money to make money" relate to cellular respiration or photosynthesis?
The major ATP producers in the body do not independently. The ATP produced in the first steps are used as a kick start for the last processes.
Why are invasive species are problem?
No competition or natural predators.
What are plants doing with the other wavelengths of light?
Light dependent reactions.
What is the final electron acceptor in cellular respiration and why?
Oxygen becuase it is highly electronegative.
What would a consequence of protons moving freely between mitocondiral membranes?
Unregulated ETC.
Is water used in the calvin cycle? Explain.
No, it is used in LDR and ETC as an electron donor.
Describe the difference bewteen tertiary consumers and primary consumers.
Less energy, needs to eat more. plants are producers and teriary conserumers could be predators high up the food chain.
What is the job of the Stoma?
Regulate gas and water exchange.
What is the difference between ADP and ATP.
*Anwers must be sufficient, up to the teacher.
When the third bond in ATP breaks, it turns into ADP. The energy released by this bond can be used by the body.
What would be a consequence of the ETC producing half as much ATP? Double?
Half: Maybe more reliance on other ways of making energy.
Double: lots of energy!
Describe the three osmotic soltions and how they affect the cell.
Isotonic, Hypotonic, Hypertonic.
Plot the populations of a predator-prey interaction in a closed system.
*Use two colors to illustrate different species
one rises, one falls.
LDR occures in the chloroplasts and sends ATP and NADPH to the calvin cycle. What does the Calvin Cycle re-cycle back to the chloroplasts.
NAPD+, ADP and Pi
What are the two types of fermentation and why are they considered plan Bs?
Alcoholic and lactic acid fermentation. They are considered plan Bs because they only work when there is a lack of oxygen. Lactic acid causes soreness. Provide less energy than CR.
How do enzymes regulate the ETC?
Proton pumps are enzymes that can be inhibitied when ATP does not need to be produced.
**Extra 400 points, describe the two types of inhibition.
Are cellular respiration and photosytnthesis examples of positive or negative feedback independantly?
Positive feedback, they are pushing towards the production of more and more ATP.
What are the differences between r and K selective species?
Answers may vary.
What is carbon fixation and name the process it occurs in?
6 molecules of CO2 are reaanged to form the 6 carbon molecule, glucose. Turning a inorganic molecules inro an organic moleucles. This process is called the Calvin cycle.
** Extra 500 points if you can name the process that is its recirpocal?
How does cellular respiration not violate the first law of thermodynamics.
*pssstt energy cannot be created or destroyed.
The energy released by breaking the third ATP bond is equal to the energy provided in food minus the energy needed to break that food down.
Why is the ETC the primary source of energy in all organisms, what conclusions can you draw?
High effective, repeatable as it has been happening for several billion years.
What are C3, C4 and CAM photosynthesis and how do they differ?
You may provide examples.
Answers may vary