Photosynthesis
What is photosynthesis?
A chemical process that autotrophs use to
transform light energy into stored chemical energy in the form of
glucose.
What is cellular respiration?
Cellular respiration is a chemical process used by autotrophs and
heterotrophs to break down glucose molecules into ATP, and produces carbon dioxide and water
Describe macromolecules. What are the four types.
Macromolecules are molecules that
are made by organisms and are
essential for performing life
functions. There are four main types of large, natural macromolecules called
biomolecules: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
How much energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next?
10%
Explain how dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis are related. (hint: has something to do with water)
Dehydration synthesis is used to combine molecules by removing water. Hydrolysis is used to break apart molecules by adding water.
What are autotrophs ?
Autotrophs are able to
provide their own nourishment or food
What are heterotrophs?
Heterotrophs are organisms that
must gain nourishment from other sources; they must consume
their nourishment.
What purpose does each of the different types of macromolecules serve?
Carbohydrates provide energy for living things. Lipids are stored energy and are a structural part of the cell membrane. Proteins are necessary for growth and repair of tissue; they are found in cell membranes and enzymes. Nucleic acids are molecules of genetic code.
Describe how energy moves through a system.
First, it flows from the Sun to autotrophs, or producers. Then, it flows from producers to heterotrophs, or consumers. When animals die decomposers break it down.
What will happen if the Sun was gone for 5 years ? Explain!!!!
Many things, i did not feel like typing it haha lol
What are the products ? What are the reactants?
Products are glucose and oxygen. Reactants are water, sunlight and carbon dioxide.
What are the products? What are the reactants?
Products are ATP, carbon dioxide, and water. Reactants are glucose and oxygen
What are the elements in each macromolecule?
Carbohydrate C, H, O (1:2:1 ratio)
Lipid C, H, O (very little O)
Protein C, H, O, N, S
Nucleic Acid C, H, O, N, P
Name the different consumers, describe them and give examples of each.
Herbivores- Any heterotrophs that obtain their matter and energy by feeding directly and only on producers
Omnivores- Heterotrophs that sometimes consume producers and other times may consume other heterotrophs
Carnivores-Heterotrophs that strictly consume other heterotrophs
Scavengers- heterotrophs that do not kill for food but instead eat animals that have already died.
Why are autotrophs on the bottom of the energy pyramid?
Autotrophs are at the bottom of the energy pyramid because they have the most energy. They obtain their energy from the sun. As you move up an energy pyramid, the amount of energy available decreases.
Where does photosynthesis happen and what happens in it ?
Photosynthesis is a process that takes place within the
chloroplasts of plant cells. The chloroplast is an organelle
that contains chlorophyll, a pigment that absorbs light.
Where does cellular respiration happen?
This process occurs in the mitochondria of cells. Cellular
respiration can be aerobic(w/) or anaerobic(w/o).
What are the building blocks of each macromolecule? ( double jeopardy)
Proteins=Amino Acids
Carbohydrates-monosaccharides
lipids= fatty acids
nucleotides- nucleic acids
What are the similarities and differences between a food web and food chain?
Open slide show
How would removing a species from a food web affect the remaining organisms in the food web? Give an example
Removing a species from the food web may increase the population of its prey. As the prey’s population increases, it will also increase competition between itself and other organisms that rely on the same food sources.
What is the equation for photosynthesis?
6 CO2 + 6 H2O → C6H12O6 + 6 O2
What is the equation for cellular respiration?
C6H12O6 + 6 O2--> 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ATP
Where can you find each of the macromolecules?
carbs- in sugar and starches
lipids- fats, oils, and waxes, cell membranes
proteins- polypetides or cell structures
nucleic acids-Dna
Only 10% of the energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next. So what happens to the remaining 90%?
The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed. Therefore, the remaining 90% of energy that is not transferred from one trophic level to the next is not lost. Instead, it is transferred as heat to the environment through the processes of growth, respiration, and defecation.
How does energy flow through the system? (hint:explain how photosynthesis and cellular respiration work together)
Beginning with the energy from the Sun, plants capture and use the
light energy in photosynthesis. The light energy is transformed into
chemical energy in the form of glucose. This chemical energy is then
used by plants or passed onto animals as they consume plants. The
process of cellular respiration will then break down the glucose to
produce ATP. Organisms will then release heat to the ecosystem
which is then used as thermal energy.