Judicial Branch
Which court decides on a law's constitutionality?
Supreme Court
Definition of “Civil Law” & list an example.
Laws created to deal with relationships amongst individuals, usually involving compensation (awarding someone money).
Ex: Contract Law, Personal Injury Law (Torts), Property Law, Family Law, or Employment Law
An act that would be a crime if committed by an adult.
What is the purpose of city governments
Cities provide services like:
Police and fire protection, Schools, Taxes, Streets and water service
Gwinnett County Public Schools would be an example of what type of local government?
Special-Purpose Districts
How are Supreme Court Justices selected?
They are elected to six year terms in state wide non-partisan elections
Definition of “Criminal Law” & list an example of a punishment.
Deals with laws that are created to protect society from wrongdoers.
Ex: Fines, Prison, Community service, Death
What is an unruly act?
An act that would NOT be a crime if committed by an adult.
What is the purpose of county governments?
The county government provides several services, such as:
Courts of law, Parks, Elections, Build/repair roads, Welfare programs, Police & fire protection, libraries, & public transportation.
If an adult commits a serious enough crime, they can go through what TWO processes?
Pretrial and trial.
Provide an example of the judicial branch interpreting laws.
Supreme Court interpreting a law's constitutionality.
or
Appellate Court reviewing cases from a trial court.
Definition of “Felony” & list an example.
A serious crimes that results in one year or more in jail and a minimum of $1,000 fine.
Ex: murder, burglary, arson
How is the juvenile process DIFFERENT from the adult process?
Only adults can have their case heard by a jury
What is an example of special-purpose districts?
Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority (MARTA)
The Georgia Ports Authority
School systems
Local housing authorities
Hartsfield-Jackson International Airport
What is the purpose of the "Intake" step?
A juvenile is brought to an intake officer who decides if there is enough evidence to make a charge against them.
What are the two purposes of the judicial branch in Georgia?
Interpret the laws of Georgia and administer justice in our legal system.
Definition of “Misdemeanor” & list an example.
A less serious crimes that results in less than one year in jail or less than $1,000 fine.
Ex: Petty theft, public intoxication, and reckless driving.
List 3 examples of the rights of juveniles in the state of Georgia.
1. Right to have a parent/guardian present before they can be questioned by authorities.
2. Right NOT to have their name or photograph made public.
3. Right to make TWO phone calls (parent & attorney)
4. Right to NOT “self-incriminate” and to be counseled on what self-incrimination is. (Making a statement that accuses oneself.)
5. Right not to be placed with adult offenders.
6. Right for parents to be contacted immediately.
Define special-purpose districts.
Special Purpose Governments are government entities created to serve a specific function for the state or community.
What is the purpose of the “Sentencing” step?
The judge rules on the juvenile’s punishment.
Double Jeopardy
1) What is the purpose of an Appellate Court?
2) What are the two Appellate Courts in Georgia?
1) Review cases from trial courts.
Ability to review lower court rulings and decisions on appeal.
2) Court of Appeals & Supreme Court
What are the steps in the PRETRIAL process of the Adult Justice System?
1) Arrest
2) Booking
3) Initial Appearance
4) Preliminary Hearing
5) Grand Jury Indictment
6) Arraignment
7) Assignment before Superior Court
8) Admitting Guilt/Plea Bargaining
List the steps of the juvenile justice process.
Step 1: INTAKE OFFICER
Step 2:RELEASE or DETENTION
Step 3: Informal Adjustment
Step 4: Formal Adjudicatory Hearing
Step 5: Disposition Hearing
Step 6: Sentencing
Step 7:Appeal
List three examples of local government revenue.
Ad Valorem Property Tax, Sales Tax, Franchise Tax, Excise Tax, Regulatory Fees, and/or Revenue from non-tax sources.