Causes of the Industrial Revolution
This Protestant religious belief emphasized constant labor as a sign of personal salvation and contributed to industrial growth.
What is the Protestant Work Ethic?
This 1712 inventor harnessed steam power by burning coal and heating water, revolutionizing industrial production.
Who is Thomas Newcomen?
These elite military units, once the pride of the Ottoman army, were eventually massacred by the sultan when they resisted modernization.
What are the Janissaries?
This term describes the policy of extending a nation's authority by territorial acquisition or establishing economic and political control over other nations.
What is imperialism?
This type of warfare dominated the Western Front, with soldiers fighting from long defensive ditches.
Trench warfare
These 3 "factors of production" were essential for the Industrial Revolution to occur, with one coming from the Enclosure Movement.
What are land, labor, and capital?
These angry workers, active between 1810-1820 in northern England, tried to destroy new industrial machines that were taking their jobs.
Who are the Luddites?
This term refers to special agreements that allowed Europeans to bypass Ottoman law and penetrate Ottoman markets
What are Capitulations?
During 1884-1885, European powers met at this conference to divide up the continent of Africa.
What is the Berlin Conference?
Which alliance system included Britain, France, and Russia during World War I?
The Triple Entente
This energy source replaced animal power and was burned to power the new engines of the Industrial Revolution.
What is coal?
This 1831 British report contained testimonies from 89 workers and attempted to introduce legislation limiting this type of labor in factories.
What is the Sadler Report?
These comprehensive reforms in the Ottoman Empire included legal, commercial, penal, civil, and personal rights changes.
What are the Tanzimat Reforms?
These three main factors drove European imperialism: economic interests, political power, and this belief in a duty to "civilize" other nations.
What is cultural motivation/cultural imperialism?
This 1917 event involving a secret message to Mexico helped convince the United States to enter World War I.
The Zimmermann Telegram
This economic cycle shows how falling prices led to increased demand, which then led to more efficient machine production.
What is the Chain Reaction of Consumerism?
This economic philosopher argued for a free-market economy and believed in the "invisible hand" of the market, supporting laissez-faire policies.
Who is Adam Smith?
This reformist group used newspapers to promote ideas like universal suffrage, equality, and women's emancipation in the Ottoman Empire.
Who were the Young Turks?
These four major European powers were the primary nations involved in colonizing Africa during the Scramble for Africa.
What are Britain, France, Germany, and Belgium?
These three major WWI battles that resulted in massive casualties but little strategic gain included the Battle of Verdun, Battle of Passchendaele, and this battle that is regarded as one of the bloodiest battles of the war.
What is The Battle of The Somme
According to Max Weber's theory, this specific type of ethic reconceptualized work as a duty benefiting both individual and society.
What is the Puritan work ethic?
This radical socialist, considered the father of communism, argued that the bourgeoisie controlled the proletariat and only revolution would end social inequality.
Who is Karl Marx?
This independent region under Muhammad Ali serves as a prime example of how the Ottoman Empire was losing control of its provinces.
What is Egypt?
Even after many colonies gained independence in the 20th century, these three areas of society continued to show lasting impacts of imperialism.
What are social, economic, and political structures?
This Serbian nationalist assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand, triggering the start of World War I.
Gavrilo Princip