Vocab 1
Who was the pope?
The political and spiritual leader of the Catholic Church
Who started the Reformation?
Martin Luther
Why did Martin Luther write the Ninety-Five Theses?
To address the abuses of the Catholic Church and to express his ideas on the selling of indulgences and other issues and practices of the Catholic Church.
How many popes claimed power during the Great Schism?
3
This was a way for people to pay the Church to forgive their sins and reserve a place in Heaven.
Indulgences
What was the name of the official office of the Pope?
Papacy
What invention helped to produce translated bibles, and increased access to religious texts to the common person across Europe?
The Printing Press
Martin Luther believed that the _____ was the ultimate religious authority, and that _____ were priests.
Bible, everyone
Indulgences, simony, and charging pilgrims to see holy objects and relics were all methods the Catholic Church used to raise _____
Money
A group of people who broke away from the Church
because of their protests against the abuse.
Protestants
What was the practice of selling offices and leadership positions within the Church?
Simony
What personal and political reasons led King Henry VIII to split with the Catholic Church?
Personal: He wanted to end his marriage with Catherine of Aragon
Political: He didn't want to share power and wealth with the Church.
What happened when Luther was brought before the Diet of Worms?
He refused to take back his teachings and was declared a heretic by the Holy Roman emperor. The emperor forbade the printing of his writings.
All Church services, bibles, and other practices by the Catholic Church were delivered in what language?
Latin
The name given to followers of Martin Luther's teachings
Lutheran
The hierarchical social order within the Catholic Church. These people had priestly authority.
Clergy
How did the Reformation threaten the Catholic Church?
The Reformation caused the Church to lose its credibility, and people started to question the Church's authority.
The _____ Church becomes the first Protestant Church, which also started the _____
Lutheran, Reformation
Pope Clement V moved the papacy from Rome, Italy to which country?
France (Avignon)
Movement, started by Martin Luther, that sought to reform the abuses of the Catholic Church and led to the establishment of many new denominations of Christianity.
Reformation
The division of the Catholic Church that led to three popes claiming power
The Great Schism
_____ translated the Bible the New Testament and parts of the Old Testament into English.
William Tyndale
What was a major result of the reformation?
*Government Leaders learned they could win religious independence from the Church and broke away
*New denominations within Christianity started forming all over Europe
*People who were appalled by the practices of the Catholic Church would be drawn into new forms of Christian Faith
*Translation of the Bible into common languages, not just Latin
What were three factors that contributed to the weakening of the Catholic Church?
*Selling of indulgences
*The Great Schism
*Simony (selling of Church official positions/offices)
*Popes becoming entangled with political disputes that lead many to question the pope's authority.
A particular religious group within a larger faith
Denomination