Ions & Valence Electrons
+3
What type of chemical bond occurs when atoms share electrons?
A Covalent Bond.
What is the name of the compound Ba3P2?
Barium phosphide
(Cation keeps its full element name; anion element name is shortened and the suffix -ide is added)
Reactants
What is a SYNTHESIS REACTION?
When two or more substances react to form one substance.
A + B ---> C
What is the definition of CATION?
A positively charged ion.
Ionic bonds occur when a metal (cation) and a non-metal (anion) TRANSFER electrons between them to form a compound.
What is the name of the compound Al(C2H3O2)3?
Aluminum acetate
What is a BALANCED chemical equation?
A chemical equation is BALANCED when the number of the atoms involved in the reactants side of the equation is EQUAL to the number of atoms in the products side of the equation.
The breaking down of a substance into two or more simpler substances is what type of reaction?
A ----> B + C
This is a DECOMPOSITION REACTION!
What does the Oxidation Number tell you about an element?
The oxidation number tells us how many electrons the element must gain, lose or share to become stable (to have a full outer electron/energy shell).
What type of chemical bond exists in the compound NH4?
N = non-metal
H = non-metal
COVALENT BONDS exist between a non-metal and a non-metal.
What is the total number of atoms in the compound Al(C2H3O2)3?
Al 1
C 6
H 9
O 6
Total # ATOMS = 22
According to the law of conservation of mass, if two atoms of hydrogen are used in the reactant, how many atoms of hydrogen must be part of the product?
2!
The Law of Conservation of Mass states that there must be the same number of atoms of each element on each side of a chemical equation.
What type of reaction is shown by the following equation?
CH4 + 2O2 -----> CO2 + 2H2O
This is a COMBUSTION REACTION because:
substance + O2 --> substance(s) that contain oxygen
How many electrons will an Aluminum atom gain, lose, or share to become chemically stable?
Oxidation Number: +3
It will lose or give away 3 electrons to become chemically stable (have a full outer electron/energy shell).
What type of chemical bond exists in the compound Na3P?
Na = metal
P = non-metal
IONIC BONDS exist between a metal and a non-metal.
What would be the chemical formula and name of the compound formed by the bonding of Magnesium and Bromine?
Mg+2 + Br-1 ---> MgBr2
Magnesium bromide
Which of the following chemical equations is balanced?
A). AgNO3 + NaCl -----> AgCl + NaNO3
B). AgNO3 + NaCl ----> 4AgCl + 2NaNO3
C). 2AgNO3 + 2NaCl ----> 3AgCl + 2NaNO3
D). AgNO3 + 2NaCl ----> AgCl + 3NaNO3
A) is a balanced chemical equation because there are the same numbers of atoms of each element on the left side of the equation as there are on the right side of the equation.
What type of reaction is shown by the following equation?
2Li + 2H2O ----> 2LiOH + H2
element + compound --> compound + element
What is a Polyatomic Ion?
A group of atoms (non-metals) that are covalently bonded, have a positive or negative charge, and act as a single unit.
What type of chemical bond(s) is/are present in the following compound?
Al(C2H3O2)3
BOTH IONIC and COVALENT BONDS are present in this compound.
What is the chemical formula for the compound formed by the reaction of Potassium and Phosphate?
K+1 + (PO4)-3 ----> K3(PO4)
Balance the following chemical equation:
___Fe2O3 + ___C ----> ___Fe + ___CO2
2Fe2O3 + 3C ----> 4Fe + 3CO2
Why don't the Noble Gases react readily to form compounds?
Because their outer energy/electron shells are full so they are chemically stable atoms.