Passive Transport
In passive transport, molecules move from ______ to __________, with or without energy?
High to Low, without energy.
In Active transport, molecules move from ______ to __________, with or without energy?
Low to High, with energy
An isotonic solution has a solute concentration that is _______ in comparison to the inside of the cell.
Equal
What will happen to an animal cell when placed in each of the following solutions?
A: Hypotonic solution
B: Isotonic solution
C: Hypertonic solution
A: Cell will swell or burst.
B: Cell will stay the same.
C: Cell will shrivel up.
How does your body maintain homeostasis when in varying temperatures outside?
(Be specific!)
For heat: When body temperature rises, your body will sweat, which releases body heat, lowering body temperature back to normal.
For cold: When body temperature lowers, your body will shiver, which generates body heat, raising body temperature back to normal.
Facilitated diffusion: Large molecules with the help of transport proteins within the cell membrane.
Diffusion: Small molecules through the cell membrane.
What kind of active transport moves small molecules/ions from low to high concentration when supplied with energy?
Protein pumps
The cell here is in a _______________
solution.
(Image: Slide 5)
Hypotonic
What will happen to a plant cell when placed in each of the following solutions?
A: Hypotonic solution
B: Isotonic solution
C: Hypertonic solution
A: Central vacuole full, turgid
B: Vacuole not full, cell limp
C: Cell death
Passive and Active transport help to balance concentration gradients of water and molecules in the cells, ensuring that cells do not have too much or too little water or molecules.
A cell gains water after its external environment becomes hypotonic. What type of passive transport explains this phenomenon?
Osmosis
Endocytosis or Exocytosis?
(Image: Slide 25)
Endocytosis
What type of solution allows water to enter the plant cell?
Hypotonic
A researcher makes a solution of 80% water and 20% salt. The researcher drops a cell inside the solution that is made up of 73% water and 27% salt. Where will the water go?
Into the cell.
____ + ____ = Solution
(You must also define these terms)
Solvent (does the dissolving) + Solute (Substance being dissolved) = Solution
Your sweet tea did not mix well, leaving a clump of sugar in the cup and the rest of the tea bitter. Meanwhile, your friend's sweet tea was evenly sweet throughout.
What level of concentration gradient is in your tea and your friend's tea?
Your tea: High concentration gradient
Friend's tea: Dynamic Equilibrium
Endocytosis or Exocytosis?
(Image: Slide 26)
Exocytosis
Label the tonicity of A, B, and C:
(Image: Slide 23)
A: Hypotonic
B: Isotonic
C: Hypertonic
If a solution contains 60% water, and a cell containing 80% water is dropped into it, which way will the water go?
Out of the cell.
What do buffers do to maintain homeostasis, and why is it important?
Buffers maintain a consistent pH level in the body. Proteins, like enzymes, have an optimal pH level; too acidic or too basic pH levels causes denaturation where the shape is changed and it cannot function anymore.
Air has a higher concentration of oxygen than your lung cells. The oxygen, a small nonpolar molecule, will move from the air into your lung cells through the cell membrane.
What type of transport can explain this phenomenon?
Passive transport, diffusion.
A cell needs to transport large proteins and starch to its neighboring cell. What specific kind of active transport will be best suited for this?
Exocytosis
If a cell containing 5% salt is placed into a glass of water with 20% salt, the water is _________ compared to the cell
Hypertonic
A person would never have pure water put into their veins in a hospital because their cells would ______.
Swell up and burst.
What happens if someone gives you a 90% salt saline drip? (IV)
*Think about what would happen to your cells*
Cells would lose water and shrivel up.