Types of Energy
The type of energy that depends on the speed and mass of an object.
Kinetic Energy
Explain the transformation that takes place when you rub your hands together.
kinetic (movement of the hands) to thermal (heat produced from friction)
As the mass of an object moving at a given speed decreases its kinetic energy will ______________________.
Decrease
Electric guitar convert electrical energy into ___________ energy.
Sound
Explain the transformation that takes place when you turn on a flashlight. From the battery to the light. 4 steps
Chemical (of the battery) to electrical (flow of electrons) to radiant (of the light) to thermal ( the heat produced by the light)
As the speed of a falling object increases, its potential energy will _____________________.
Decrease
Hydroelectricity (Water power) can generate electricity because of the initial _______________________ energy of the water.
potential
A force that resists the sliding of two surfaces that are touching. This force produces thermal energy.
Friction
Type of energy that depends on the speed of molecules.
Thermal or heat energy
Explain the transformation of a book falling from table. Explain the type of energy and where it comes from.
Potential ( due to the position of the book) to kinetic ( motion of the book)
When you drop a book on the floor, what happens to its original potential energy?
Potential energy was transformed to kinetic energy
A transfer of thermal energy in a liquid or gas by the movement of particles from one part of a material to another.
Convection
Explain the transformation of energy that occurs in a hydropower plant. 4 steps
Gravitational potential (from the dam) to kinetic (falling water) to mechanical (turning the turbine to power the generator) to electrical (generator produces electricity)
A basketball is dropped from a height of 2m and another identical basketball is dropped from a height of 4m. Which ball has more kinetic energy just before it hits the ground?
The basketball dropped from a height of 4m because it had more potential energy
Friction transforms ________________ energy into _______________ energy.
Mechanical energy into thermal energy.
Type of energy stored in the bonds of atoms
Chemical energy
Explain the transformation that takes place to make a toaster work using power from solar panels. 3 steps
Radiant energy (from sun) to Electrical Energy (electricity) to thermal energy (heat from toaster)
When you drop a tennis ball, it hits the floor and bounces back up. But, it does not reach the same height as before and each time the bounce is smaller than the previous one. However, you notice the tennis ball is slightly warmer after it finishes bouncing. Explain how the law of conservation of energy is obeyed.
During each bounce, some of the kinetic energy of the ball in transferred into thermal energy. As a result, energy is not created or destroyed, but only changes form so that the law of conservation of energy is obeyed.
Energy that comes from the fusion or fission of an atom's nucleus.
Nuclear Energy
What is the difference in a densities of conductors and insulators?
Conductors are materials that thermal energy flows easily because it has a high density and the atoms are closer together. Insulators are materials through which thermal energy does not flow easily because they have a low density meaning the atoms are further apart and can't collide as easily as in a conductor.