Vocab
The green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plant cells that absorb energy from the sun and uses that energy in the first stage of photosynthesis
Chlorophyll
A biomolecule used by living organisms to store and release energy
ATP
What comes out of a reaction
Product
Existing without oxygen
Anaerobic
Exisiting with oxygen
Aerobic
Process used by autotrophs that use the sun's energy to convert water and carbon dioxide to glucose (simple sugar) and oxygen
Photsynthesis
A biomolecule that can be converted to ATP with the addition of one phosphate group
ADP
The part of aerobic respiration that occurs in the mitochondria after the Kreb's cycle and produces a net of 32 more ATP molecules for every one molecule of glucose
Electron Transport Chain
Anaerobic cellular respiration that occurs in plants and other microorganisms such as yeast
Alcoholic Fermentation
Organism that makes its own food by using energy directly from the sun via photosynthesis
Producers
The water-based fluid region outside of the thylakoid membranes where the Calvin Cycle takes place
Stroma
The part of aerobic respiration that takes place in the mitochondria and produces 2 molecules of ATP for every one molecule of glucose; also called the citric acid cycle
Kreb Cycle
Process that does NOT require oxygen and produces a net of 2 molecules of ATP for every one molecule of glucose
Aerobic Respiration
Anaerobic cellular respiration that occurs in animals and some bacteria
Lactic Acid Fermentation
Having a higher solute concentration in the solution outside the cell than inside the cell,causing the cell to shrink
Hypertonic
Sac-like membranes found within chloroplasts that contain the photosynthetic pigments
Thylakoid
The evaporation of water from the leaves of plants
Transpiration
A connection made between atoms when electrons are attracted, shared, or transferred
Chemical Bond
Ingredients/substrates that go into a reaction
Reactant
Cells that have true nuclei and make up all other organisms other than bacteria
Eukaryotic Cells
The stage in photosynthesis that does NOT require light
Calvin Cycle
The first step in cellular respiration that takes place in the cytoplasm and converts one molecule of glucose to a net of 2 molecules of ATP
Glycolysis
Converting inorganic carbon, as in carbon dioxide, to organic carbon as in sugar
Carbon Fixation
Process that does NOT require oxygen and produces a net of 2 molecules of ATP for every one molecule of glucose
Anaerobic Respiration
The movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
Diffusion