Target 3.1 - States of Matter
What is matter?
Matter is anything that has mass & takes up space.
What is cohesion?
Cohesion is the property that allows water to stick to other water molecules.
What is precipitation?
When the water in the clouds get too heavy & the liquid water falls back down to earth.
What are the three types of rocks?
Igneous
Sedimentary
Metamorphic
What is earth system science?
The study of how the four spheres of the earth interact continually, each affecting the others.
What is it called when:
1.Solid goes to a gas
2. Liquid goes to a gas
3. Gas goes to a liquid
4. Liquid goes to solid
1. Sublimate
2. Evaporate
3. Condense
4. Freeze
What is adhesion?
Adhesion is the property that allows water molecules to stick to other things.
What is condensation?
When a gas turns into a liquid.
What is lithification?
the compaction and or/cementation of sediments
What are the 5 layers of the atmosphere? (From closest to earth's surface to outer space)
1. Troposphere
2. Stratosphere
3. Mesosphere
4. Thermosphere
5. Exosphere
What state(s) of matter have definite volume?
Solid & Liquid.
What two factors affect density?
Mass & Volume.
What is evaporation & transpiration?
Evaporation - when liquid changes to gas from bodies of water
Transpiration - when liquid evaporates into gas from plants
How are rocks classified?
How they form
Grain size
Texture
Mineral composition
Name a characteristic for the 4 closest layers of the atmosphere.
1. Troposphere - Weather
2. Stratosphere - Ozone Layer
3. Mesosphere - Coldest
4. Thermosphere - Ionosphere
What state(s) of matter do NOT have definite shape?
Liquid & Gas.
How does temperature affect density?
As temperature increases, molecules spread out and density decreases.
As temperature decreases, molecules come closer and density increases.
What is runoff & groundwater?
Runoff - precipitation that runs into rivers & streams
Groundwater - precipitation that is absorbed into the ground forming pockets of water underground
How do the three types of rocks form?
Igneous -
Metamorphic -
Sedimentary -
Igneous - molten rock (magma) cools
Metamorphic -great heat & pressure
Sedimentary - compaction/cementation of sediments
What type of system is Earth? Explain.
Earth is a closed system. It is considered closed because there is an exchange of energy but negligible exchange of mass with its surroundings.
What are the metric units for:
1. Weight
2. Volume
3. Mass
4. Density
1. Pounds (lbs)
2. Liter (L)
3. Gram (g)
4. Gram/Milliliter (g/mL)
What is the states of matter equation?
Ice turns to liquid through melting, liquid turns to vapor by evaporation, vapor turns into liquid through condensation and liquid turns to solid by freezing.
What is sublimation & infiltration?
Sublimation - when a liquid goes from a solid to a gas
Infiltration - when a liquid is absorbed into earth
What does plate tectonics have to do with the rock cycle?
Give an example of each of the following interactions:
Geosphere & Biosphere -
Biosphere & Atmosphere -
Hydrosphere & Atmosphere -
Geosphere & Hydrosphere -
Geosphere & Biosphere - Earthquake destroys homes & life
Biosphere & Atmosphere - Tornado touches down & destroys home & life
Hydrosphere & Atmosphere - Warm ocean water fuels the formation of a hurricane
Geosphere & Hydrosphere - Earthquake underwater causes a tsunami