Bacteria Basics
Why are bacteria classified as prokaryotes?
A. They have no nucleus
B. They have many cells
C. They contain mitochondria
D. They cannot reproduce
A. They have no nucleus.
What evidence helped scientists accept germ theory?
A. All diseases had the same symptoms
B. Bad smells caused infections
C. Diseases were linked to specific microorganisms
D. Bacteria could only live outdoors
C. Diseases were linked to specific microorganisms.
How does the stomach help protect the body?
A. Produces antibodies
B. Uses acid to break down microbes
C. Produces bacteria
D. Stops white blood cells
B. Uses acid to break down microbes.
What is the difference between cocci and bacilli?
A. Cocci are spiral, bacilli are round
B. Cocci are round, bacilli are rod-shaped
C. Cocci move, bacilli cannot
D. They are the same shape
B. Cocci are round, bacilli are rod-shaped.
How did John Snow help explain the spread of cholera?
A. He developed an antibiotic
B. He mapped cases around a contaminated water pump
C. He discovered bacteria under a microscope
D. He created a vaccine
B. He mapped cases around a contaminated water pump.
What causes redness and swelling around an injury?
A. Ribosomes
B. Flagella
C. Histamine
D. Agar
C. Histamine.
Why do scientists streak bacteria across agar plates?
A. To kill bacteria
B. To change their shape
C. To separate individual cells
D. To remove their DNA
C. To separate individual cells.
What is the difference between plague and Lyme disease?
A. Plague is viral, Lyme disease is fungal
B. Both spread through mosquitoes
C. Plague spreads through fleas, Lyme disease through ticks
D. Both are caused by viruses
C. Plague spreads through fleas, Lyme disease through ticks.
What happens when macrophages fight an infection?
A. They produce bacterial DNA
B. They release antibiotics
C. They create new pathogens
D. They engulf and digest bacteria
D. They engulf and digest bacteria.
How does a bacterial capsule help bacteria survive?
A. Helps them make proteins
B. Helps them avoid the immune system
C. Helps them produce energy
D. Helps them reproduce
B. Helps them avoid the immune system.
Which situation is an example of cross-contamination?
A. Washing hands before cooking
B. Refrigerating leftovers
C. Cooking meat thoroughly
D. Using the same cutting board for raw meat and vegetables
D. Using the same cutting board for raw meat and vegetables.
Why was penicillin such an important discovery?
A. It killed viruses
B. It helped treat bacterial infections
C. It prevented all diseases
D. It replaced vaccines
B. It helped treat bacterial infections.
What did Pasteur's experiments show about fermentation?
A. Yeast plays a role in fermentation
B. Fermentation happens without microorganisms
C. Bacteria cannot grow in liquids
D. Sugar kills microorganisms
A. Yeast plays a role in fermentation.
Why can food poisoning develop within hours?
A. It can result from eating food contaminated with bacteria
B. It is always caused by viruses
C. It is caused by a lack of vitamins
D. It only spreads through insects
A. It can result from eating food contaminated with bacteria.
How does antibiotic resistance develop in bacterial populations?
A. All bacteria become resistant at once
B. Antibiotics turn bacteria into viruses
C. Resistant bacteria survive and reproduce
D. Bacteria stop evolving
C. Resistant bacteria survive and reproduce.