HUNDRED YEARS WAR
What weapon did the English have that gave them more defeats in the beginning part of the war?
Long Bow
What was the Renaissance (a cultural movement that made people interested in what)?
Renewal in Greek + Roman art/literature/culture
What country did the Renaissance, especially the renewal in art start?
Italy
Which explorer funded by the King and Queen of Spain was the first to find the New World (even though he thought it was the East)?
Christopher Columbus
Byzantine
What popular and brave King of England defeated the French so completley after Agincourt that the French agreed he would be their next king?
(Hint: Shakespeare wrote a play about him)
King Henry V
Why did people during the Renaissance start calling years 500-1300 'The Middle Ages'?
- These were years the Catholic Church was growing + had the main influence in society (rather than Greek/Roman). So people thought these were unimportant + dark centuries.
Who is the most famous 'Renaissance man' - painter, sculptor, inventor, scientist? He kept journals and sketches of his ideas.
Leonardo da Vinci
Which two countries in Europe were the first to put a lot of resources and effort into exploration on the seas?
Portugal and Spain
What did the city of Constantinople have that had kept it safe and free from Turkish conquest for so long?
What invention led to the destruction of this defense?
Massive walls around the city
The canon
St. Joan of Arc
-Her holiness and success in battle united + reinspired the French
-Captured by Burgundians + sold to ENglish - burned as heretic
Name at least 2 great artists of the Renaissance.
Botticelli, Da Vinci, Raphael, Michelangelo
What city in Italy did the Renaissance movement start in the earliest and become a center for great art and culture?
Florence
What were at least two new inventions that helped sailors be more successful sailing?
Printing Press , Gun powder, Compass, Astrolabe
When Constantinople fell, many scholars fled to Europe with ancient + important texts. How did this help lead to the Renaissance?
They brought ancient Greek + Roman texts that had been forgotten in Europe. People started wanting to study them
What was some (or one) of the original reasons that King of England attacked France?
- Capetian line in France ended + King Henry IV of England thought he had a better claim to throne (king's grandson, rather than just his nephew)
-English wanted some of their previous territories back
What was invented during the Renaissance that changed history and human culture almost more than any other invention?
How did it change society?
Printing Press
Which Renaissance artist was a famour sculptor (but also poet and architect) who painted the Sistine Chapel and sculpted the "Pieta" and "David" and painted the Sistine Chapel?
Michelangelo, Raphael, Leonardo da Vinci?
Michelangelo
Who was the Prince of Portugal that started a famous school for sailors and helped fund expeditions to try to reach the Indies by sailing around Africa?
Prince Henry the Navigator
Which King and Queen finally ended the Reconquista (war against Muslims in Iberian Peninsula) for good?
Ferdinand and Isabella
- 3
-French
-France exhausted - feudal system declined + now more united nation under an ABSOLUTE KING
What was HUMANISM (a focus on what rather than God)? How can Humanism be 'Christian' vs. 'Atheistic'?
Focus on human life and pleasures in this world as most important (more than spiritual life or God)
-Christian humanism is acknowledging how special man is but not forgetting that it is becuase God created Him + he is destined for eternal life
Who was the first explorer to circumnavigate globe?
Ferdinand Magellan
When Spain was finally able to defeat the Muslims in 1492, what project were they able to give funds to that changed history drastically and increased the interest of exploration?
Christopher Columbus