The Middle Ages
What two groups settled together to make Russia?
Who are the Slavs and the Vikings?
What was the capital of the Byzantine Empire?
What is Constantinople?
Who were the main influences on the development of Russia?
Who are the Slavs, Vikings, and Byzantines?
What is feudalism?
What is a political and social system based on land ownership and loyalty?
What was the primary goal of the Crusades?
What is to reclaim the Holy Land from Muslim control?
What was life like in Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire?
It became rural, with constant warfare and a decline in trade and learning.
It entered the Dark Ages
Who was the notable emperor that codified Roman law?
Who is Justinian I?
What was Kievan Rus?
What is the first unified territory of Russia, founded by Vikings?
What is a fief?
What is a piece of land granted to knights by lords in exchange for loyalty?
Which Crusade successfully captured Jerusalem?
What is the First Crusade?
What was the average life expectancy of common folk during the Middle Ages?
What is 35 years?
What architectural achievement is known from the Byzantine Empire?
What architectural achievement is known from the Byzantine Empire?
Who invited the Viking chief Rurik to be their king?
Who are the Slavs?
Who were the serfs in the feudal system?
Who were peasants bound to work the lord's land with limited freedoms?
Who was the Muslim leader during the Third Crusade?
Who is Saladin?
How did the decline of learning affect Western Europe during the Middle Ages?
Literacy decreased significantly; few people could read or write.
How did the Byzantine Empire influence Russia?
It spread Eastern Orthodox Christianity and facilitated trade and cultural diffusion.
What was the significance of King Vladimir’s conversion to Eastern Orthodox Christianity?
It established Eastern Orthodox Christianity as the dominant faith in Russia.
What roles did lords and knights play in the feudal hierarchy?
Lords owned land and provided protection, while knights served as soldiers in exchange for land.
What were the long-term effects of the Crusades on European society?
Increased trade, cultural exchanges, and a decline in the Church's power.
What characterized the political structure of Germanic kingdoms during the Middle Ages?
Loyalty to family and personal ties replaced citizenship and public governance.
What was the major cultural impact of the Byzantine Empire on Russia?
The development of the Cyrillic alphabet for Slavic languages.
How did the Vikings contribute to the establishment of Russia?
They intermarried with Slavs and founded the city of Kiev.
How did the manorial system support medieval society?
It provided for the economic needs of peasants while granting lords control over land and labor.
Which Crusade led to the sack of Constantinople?
What is the Fourth Crusade?