DIVISIONS
&
Structure
&
Structure
This division of the nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord.
What is the Central Nervous System (CNS)
This term means neurons do not undergo cell division.
What is amitotic?
This type of potential is local, varies in size, diminishes with distance.
What is a graded potential?
This structure anchors the spinal cord to the coccyx.
What is the filum terminale?
These three connective tissue layers protect the brain and spinal cord.
What are the meninges? (Dura, Arachnoid, Pia Mater)
Sensory neurons are also known by this term.
What is afferent?
In the PNS, clusters of neuron cell bodies are called this.
What are ganglia?
The state of a cell at rest, with an internal voltage of about -70mV.
What is the resting membrane potential?
The bundle of spinal nerves that looks like a "horse's tail" at the end of the cord.
What is the cauda equina?
This brain structure controls heart rate, respiration, and blood pressure.
What is the medulla oblongata?
This functional type of neuron transmits impulses from the CNS to effectors like muscles
What are motor (efferent) neurons?
This type of neuroglial cell forms the myelin sheath in the CNS.
What are oligodendrocytes?
This period occurs when no new action potential can be generate d, no matter the stimulus.
What is the absolute refractory period?
A rapid, automatic response to a stimulus that is integrated in the spinal cord.
What is a reflex?
The limbic system structure crucial for forming new memories
What is the hippocampus?
Movemen t of materials from the axon terminal back to the cell body is called this.
What is retrograde movement/transport?
This structural class of neuron has one dendrite and one axon, found in sensory organs.
What is bipolar?
This process describes how an action potential
"jumps" between nodes of Ranvier.
What is saltatory conduction?
The type of summation that involves multiple signals from one presynaptic neuron in quick succession.
What is temporal summation?
This barrier, formed by astrocytes maintains a stable environment for the brain.
What is the blood-brain barrier (BBB)?
The structural classification of the most common
neuron type in the CNS and motor pathways
What is multipolar?
This PNS glial cell's outer layer is important for axon regeneration after injury.
What is the neurolemma (of a Schwann cell)?
An inhibitory postsynaptic potential does this to the
membrane, making an action potential less likely.
What is hyperpolarizes?
A skin region supplied by the sensory fibers of a single spinal nerve.
What is a dermatome?
The large band of commissural fibers that connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres.
What is the corpus callosum?