Conditionals
Which conditional do we use for general truths and scientific facts? Give one example.
Zero conditional – If you heat ice, it melts.
Name two advantages of living in a big city.
e.g. better jobs, public transport, entertainment, education
What does “public transport” include? Name two examples.
buses, trains, trams, metro
Choose the correct word:
“She works ___ a tour guide in the city centre.”
as
Complete the sentence:
“You won’t get lost ___ you follow the map.”
unless
Complete the sentence correctly:
“If people ___ (use) public transport more, the air ___ (be) cleaner.”
If people used public transport more, the air would be cleaner. (Second conditional)
Give one problem of city life and one solution.
e.g. Traffic → improve public transport
“Living near the city centre is convenient, but the rent is very ___.”
(crowded / affordable / expensive)
Expensive
Choose the correct word:
“The city at night looks ___ a completely different place
like
Choose the best option:
“We can move to the city centre ___ we can afford the rent.”
Provided that
Explain the difference in meaning between:
“If I miss the bus, I walk to school.”
“If I missed the bus, I would walk to school.”
First sentence = something that really happens / is possible
Second sentence = hypothetical or unlikely situation
Which is more suitable for this sentence and why?
“Living in the city is ___ stressful than living in the countryside.”
more – because stressful is a long adjective
Match the word to its definition:
Infrastructure -
A. green areas in a city
B. basic systems like roads, water, transport
C. places for entertainment
B
Explain the difference between like and as in one sentence
Like compares things; as describes a real role or function.
What is the difference between unless and if … not?
They mean the same, but unless is more direct and formal.
Correct the mistake and explain why it is wrong:
“If we will build more parks, the city would be healthier.”
Correct: If we build more parks, the city will be healthier.
Explanation: First conditional → present simple + will, not will + would
Explain why urban sprawl is a problem for modern cities.
It causes longer travel times, pollution, loss of green spaces, and higher costs for infrastructure.
What is the difference between “crowded” and “overpopulated”?
Crowded = many people in a place at a time
Overpopulated = too many people for the area to support long-term
Correct the mistake and explain it:
“He speaks like a city planner during the meeting.”
Correct: He speaks as a city planner during the meeting.
Explanation: He is acting in that role, not comparing.
Rewrite the sentence using otherwise:
“If you don’t use public transport, you will spend too much money.”
Use public transport, otherwise you will spend too much money.
Rewrite the sentence using a third conditional, keeping the same meaning:
“Because the city didn’t invest in cycling lanes, traffic became worse.”
If the city had invested in cycling lanes, traffic wouldn’t have become worse
“Should cities limit the number of cars? Justify your opinion using at least one conditional.”
If cities limited the number of cars, air pollution would decrease. People would use public transport more, and city centres would become safer.
Use three of these words correctly in one sentence:
sustainable – commute – pollution – facilities – residents
If cities invested in sustainable transport, residents would reduce pollution during their daily commute.
Rewrite the sentence using the other word without changing the meaning:
“She uses her phone as a map when travelling around the city.”
She uses her phone like a map when travelling around the city.
Rewrite using in case, without changing the meaning:
“Take an umbrella because it might rain during your commute.”
Take an umbrella in case it rains during your commute.