Unit 4 People
Spanish Navigator
Christopher Columbus
a compact ship of Portuguese origin that featured triangular sails and a sternpost rudder, making it capable of crossing oceans
Caravel
an acute contagious viral disease, with fever and pustules usually leaving permanent scars. It was effectively eradicated through vaccination by 1979.
Smallpox
English Philosopher
Thomas Hobbes, John Locke
Scottish Inventor of the Steam Engine
James Watt
Global Circumnavigator
Ferdinand Magellan
The first settlement was founded in Virginia
Jamestown
a brutal system of trading African Slaves from Africa to the Americas
Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade
the idea that all humans are born with rights, which include the right to life, liberty, and property
Natural Rights
American industrialist, assembly line inventor
Henry Ford
Chinese Islamic Navigator:
Zheng He
transfer of plants, animals, and diseases between the Old World of Europe and Africa and the New World of the Americas
Columbian Exchange
one who rules a country or province as the representative of his sovereign or king and who is empowered to act in the sovereign's name.
Viceroy
an actual or hypothetical compact, or agreement, between the ruled or between the ruled and their rulers, defining the rights and duties of each
Social Contract
the transformation of human (and world) existence caused by the deliberate cultivation of particular plants and the deliberate taming and breeding of particular animals
Agricultural Revolution
Conquistador vs. Incas
Francis Pizarro
a Central American cereal plant that yields large grains set in rows on a cob; corn.
Maize
large kingdom in the western part of central Africa.
Kongo
the division of government responsibilities into distinct branches to limit any one branch from exercising the core functions of another.
Separation of Powers
the process of a society's transition away from agrarianism and towards industry and manufacturing
Industrialization
Conquistador vs Aztecs
Hernan Cortes
the agreement between Spain and Portugal dividing the rights to colonize all lands outside of Europe
Treaty of Tordesillas
an agricultural crop that is purposely made strictly to be sold in a market environment for as much money as possible.
Cash Crop
The post-Renaissance period in European history devoted to the study and exploration of new ideas in science, politics, the arts, and philosophy
Enlightenment
a new device introduced to provide more humane executions; became a symbol of revolutionary blood thirst. Reign of Terror
Guillotine