Joint Movements & Contractions
Neuromuscular Function
Statistical Analysis
Study Design
Grab Bag
100
What joint motion is shown here?
Knee flexion
100
What neurotransmitter is released by motorneurons at the neuromuscular junction?
Acetylcholine (ACh)
100
What is the strength and direction of this correlation?
Strength = Moderate
Direction = Positive
100
_________ refers to how close the result of a measurement comes to the true value.
Accuracy
100
What molecule provides the energy for the myosin head powerstroke?
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
200
What type of contraction occurs when the muscle shortens while under tension?
Concentric
200
What are the names of the thick and thin protein filaments that make up a sarcomere?
Thick = Myosin
Thin = Actin
200
Which sample has the lowest standard deviation?
Sample A
200
_________ is a treatment or condition that is deliberately ineffective.
Placebo
200
What is Coach Hanna's favorite food?
Cheesecake
300
What joint motion is shown here?
Shoulder abduction
300
What is the role of calcium ions in the sliding-filament theory?
Calcium ions bind to troponin on tropomyosin causing a shift that exposes binding sites on actin.
300
In the 2021 NFL Combine, wide receivers ran the 40-yard dash in 4.53 +/- 0.10 seconds.
What time would a player need to run to be faster than 95% of wide receivers?
4.33 seconds (two standard deviations)
300
Name the general type of study design where both the researchers AND the participants do not know who is in the control and experimental groups.
Double-Blind
300
What joint movement occurs during the upward phase of a sit-up?
Trunk flexion
400
What joint movements are being shown here?
Shoulder and hip circumduction
400
Which type of muscle fiber has greater mitochondrial density and therefore, greater fatigue resistance?
Type I (Slow-twitch)
400
Calculate the coefficient of determination and explain what it tells about the relationship between these variables.
R2 = 0.49
49% of ice cream sales can be explained by temperature.
400
Using the 40 yard dash to measure a swimmer's sprint speed is inappropriate because this test has low _____________ .
Specifity to swimming
400
What is the difference between afferent and efferent nerves?
Afferent = Send signals toward the CNS
Efferent = Send signals away from the CNS
500
Analyze movement at the hip during a planche. Include the joint movement, contraction type, agonist, and antagonist.
Joint Movement: Hip Extension
Contraction Type: Isometric
Agonist: Gluteus Maximus
Antagonist: Iliopsoas
500
What is the size principle of motor unit recruitment?
Motor units containing primarily small, fatigue-resistant fibers (type I) are recruited first, followed by activation of motor units composed mostly of larger muscles fibers that are quick to fatigue.
500
A study investigated the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on resting muscle glycogen stores. A t-test of the results produced a p-value of 0.025. Based on these results, what can the researchers conclude?
The p-value is less than 0.05 so the results are statistically significant and likely not due to random chance.
The post-training increase in mean resting muscle glycogen stores was NOT due to random chance, but likely due to the HIIT regimen.
500
List the six skill-related components of fitness.
Agility
Power
Speed
Coordination
Reaction Time
Balance
500
What movie did Coach Hanna watch most recently?
