Cell communication
What type of molecules are used for long distance signaling
Hormones
A molecule that binders to a receptor
Ligand
What is the “normal” phase the cells Are in most of the time
Interphase
What are the points of the cell cycle that the cell makes checks to make sure everything is properly working
Checkpoint
A feedback loop that has the outputs positively affects the input
Positive feedback loop
direct communication points in plant cells are called
Plasmodesmata
What type of signaling uses hormones for long distance signaling
Endocrine system
What phase has all of the chromosomes go into the middle Of the cell
Metaphase
What is programmed cell death
Apoptosis
A feedback loop where the output Negatively affects the input
Negative feedback loop
What hormone regulates blood sugar levels
Insulin
What is the amplifying of a ligands signal called
Signal transduction
What is unique about the G0 phase
The cell Is not preparing to go through mitosis
What can happen if the checkoints dont properly work for a damaged cell
Apoptosis or cancer
Is blood clotting a positive or negative feedback loop
Positive
What is the small molecule that amplifies and transmits signals within the cell
Secondary messanger
What are the 2 types of short distance signaling
paracrine and autocrine
Name all of the phases of mitosis in order
Prophase prometaphase metapase anaphase telophase cytokinesis
What genes help the cell regulate and slow down cell growth
Tumor suppressor genes
What kind of feedback loop would cancer be
Positive feedback loop
bacteria releasing molecules in order to communicate
Quorum Sensing
What is cyclic AMP or CAMP
A common type of secondary messenger
What is the main Purpose of the G2 checkpoint
Check for DNA damage
Roughly what percent of the cell cycle is interphase
~90%
What state of balance is a negative feedback loop attempting to get to
Homeostasis