Astronomers
Defined the laws of motion and gravity
Isaac Newton
What are the three types of telescopes?
Reflecting, refracting, catadiotropic
What process is responsible for the energy generated by stars?
Nuclear fusion
What type of galaxy is the Milky Way?
Where is Earth located within the Milky Way galaxy?
Spiral
Earth is located on one of the spiral arms (Orion arm) of the Milky Way galaxy.
Between what two planets do asteroids originate from?
Mars & Jupiter
First to propose theory of a heliocentric solar system
Nicolaus Copernicus
How long ago did the big bang occur?
How old is our solar system?
13.7 billion years ago
4.6 billion years
Put the following colors of stars in order from coolest to hottest.
Yellow, Blue, Red, Orange
Red, Orange, Yellow, Blue
How long does it take the moon to rotate on its axis?
How long does it take the moon to revolve around the Earth?
28 days
28 days
meteoroid: rock in space
meteor: falling star, rock that burns up in Earth's atmosphere
meteorite: rock that doesn't completely burn up in Earth's atmosphere and hits Earth
Assistant to Tycho Brahe. Developed three laws of planetary motion. One law states that planets have elliptical orbits
Johannes Kepler
What happens to light as it travels away from an observer?
What astronomer is credited with this discovery?
It is red-shifted or the wavelengths of light get longer and more stretched out
Edwin Hubble
What two forces must remain balanced within a star in order for it to remain stable and on the main sequence?
Inward force of gravity balances out the outward pressure created by nuclear fusion
Name the phases of the moon in order from new moon to another new moon
new moon, waxing crescent, 1st quarter, waxing gibbous, full moon, waning gibbous, 3rd quarter, waning crescent, new moon
What two locations do comets originate from?
What are comets made of?
Kuipier Belt, Oort cloud
Dust and Ice
Discovered that the universe is expanded (red shifted). Law states the farther an object is from Earth, the greater its velocity
Edwin Hubble
What four fundamental forces of nature were created immediately after the big bang?
gravity, electrostatic, weak nuclear, strong nuclear
Name the image each of the following constellations represents:
Cassiopeia
Draco
Cygnus
Ursa Minor
Canis Major
Orion
Cassiopeia - Queen
Draco - Dragon
Cygnus - Swan
Ursa Minor - Little Bear
Canis Major - Big Dog
Orion - The Hunter
What feat did the Chinese accomplish at the beginning of this year?
In what year did the US land on the moon?
The Chinese landed a rover on the far (dark) side of the moon.
July 20, 1969
Describe what causes a meteor shower.
Name two common meteor showers and month you can see them in.
Meteor showers occur when the earth in its orbit around the Sun passes through debris left over from the disintegration of comets.
Perseid - August
Leonids - November
Geminids - December
Quadrantids - January
First to propose the geocentric model of the solar system
Claudius Ptolemy
Which astronomer is well known for using telescopes to observe the sky?
x rays, ultraviolet, radio waves, gamma rays, infrared
Galileo Galilei
Define circumpolar constellations.
List three circumpolar constellations.
Constellations that are visible all year long.
Cassiopeia
Cepheus
Draco
Ursa Minor
Ursa Major
Who were the first two men to step foot on the moon?
What is the name of the spacecraft for the first moon landing?
Where on the moon did they land?
Neil Armstrong - Buzz Aldrin (Michael Collins)
Apollo 11
Sea of Tranquility
What is the name of the crater created by the asteroid that is theorized to have killed the dinosaurs?
Where is it located?
What element is found in high concentration near the site?
Chicxulub
Yucatan Peninsula - Mexico
Iridium