4.1 Cell Communication
The term for short distance signaling
What is paracrine signaling?
This molecule is in the cell membrane, and is responsible for binding the signal.
What is the receptor?
During childbirth, this type of feedback increases contractions in response to the baby pushing its head against the cervix.
What is positive feedback?
The replication of DNA happens in this phase of the cell cycle?
What is S phase?
The name of the picture that cells take on their mobile phone.
What is a cell-fie?
Plants have plasmodesmata or channels that connect two cells together to pass hormones and signals through.
What is juxtacrine signaling?
This type of receptor is responsible for lipid, or fat based hormones.
What is an intracellular receptor?
This type of feedback decreases the stimulus.
What is negative feedback?
This is the longest part of the cell cycle.
What is interphase?
This is what Verizon promises to give you when they ask "Can you hear me now?".
What is a signal?
This type of signaling requires a bloodstream and glands in the body.
What is endocrine signaling?
This molecule acts as both a receptor and in the transduction pathway. It has three subunits that can disassociate upon the binding of GTP to amplify a signal.
What is a GPCR? (G-Protein Coupled Receptor)
This part of a feedback loop is the change in the environment.
What is a stimulus?
As cyclin increases in G1, these enzymes become more active and move the cell cycle forward.
What are CDKs? (Cyclin-dependent Kinases)
Jailhouses use generators that are known by this name.
What are powerhouses of the cell?
What is autocrine signaling?
This enzyme is responsible for activation in transduction.
What are kinases?
When water is low in the environment, plants have the ability to close the stomata on their leaves to prevent water loss. This is an example of a feedback loop.
What is negative feedback?
A mutation to a this type of cell cycle gene usually requires only one copy of the gene to see potential cancerous effects.
What is a tumor-suppressor gene?
...---.... is an important signal.
What is SOS?
Hox genes are important during development. In the egg cell, there are molecules that will act as transcription factors to first turn on a "master regulator" gene, which will transcribe signals to send to nearby cells. These signals will help determine which "end" (anterior vs. posterior) of the body the cell will be. This type of signaling is present in this scenario.
What is paracrine signaling?
When phosphatase is mutated in a transduction pathway, phosphate would no longer be able to be removed from enzymes. This would be the consequence on the response of this pathway.
What is over-amplification? (Response would never be turned off)
This type of feedback (from Unit 3) is a form of negative feedback, where the product of the reaction becomes the inhibitor of the enzyme at high concentrations.
What is feedback inhibition?
What is a cyclin?
These are the two names of the dwarf proteins in the Gibberlin pathway.
Who are sleepy and sneezy?