Cell Cycle Stages
What is the first stage of mitosis?
prophase.
What is the first stage of mitosis?
Prophase.
What is the term for the process where DNA copies itself before cell division?
DNA replication
What is the process called when an unspecialized cell becomes a specialized cell
differentiation
which checkpoint prevents cells with DNA damage from entering mitosis until repair is complete.
G2/M
In which stage of mitosis do chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell?
the metaphase.
In which phase do chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell, and spindle fibers attach to their centromeres?
Metaphase.
What enzyme “unzips” the DNA double helix at the replication fork?
Helicase
Why are stem cells important in the body?
They can become many different cell types
What is cancer
Uncontrolled cell division.
What is the name of the process that physically divides the cytoplasm
Cytokinesis
During which phase do sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite poles of the cell?
A is to T as?
C is to G
How are red blood cells and white blood cells different.
Red blood cells carry oxygen; white blood cells fight infections.
Abnormal activation of which proteins, which regulate progression through the cell cycle, can lead to uncontrolled cell division in cancer.
CDK's
Which phase of the cell cycle involves DNA replication and cell growth, and includes G1, S, and G2?
interphase
In telophase, what structure reforms around each set of chromosomes at opposite poles?
Nuclear envelope
What are the three main steps of DNA replication?
Initiation, elongation, termination.
What level of organization is formed when specialized cells work together to perform a shared function?
tissue
What is apoptosis?
a programmed cell destruction.
What is the final stage of mitosis where chromosomes decondense and the nuclear envelope reforms?
Telophase
What process immediately follows telophase and physically divides the cytoplasm?
cytokinesis
What enzyme joins Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand?
DNA ligase
What would happen if stem cells could not differentiate
They could not repair.
Many anti-cancer drugs work by disrupting this phase of the cell cycle, halting mitosis and preventing tumor proliferation. what is the phase?
M phase (mitosis)