Unit 4 Chemistry

Ions and Isotopes

100

What is an isotope? 

An atom with a different number of neutrons.

Example: Carbon 12 vs Carbon 13

200

What is an Ion? 

An atom that gave away or took electrons.

Example: Sodium donating an electron and gaining a 1+ charge

300

How many protons, electrons, and neutrons do the following isotopes have

Calcium-40        Calcium-42           Calcium-43

20 protons each           20 electrons each

20 neutrons Ca-40, 22 for 42, 23 for 43

400

Calculate the atomic mass of copper if copper-63 is 69.17% abundant and copper-65 is 30.83% abundant.  

(63x0.6917)+(65x0.3083)=63.62amu

500

Iodine is 80% Iodine-127, 17% Iodine-126, and 3% Iodine-128. Calculate the average atomic mass of iodine.  

(127x0.80)+(126x0.17)+(128x0.03)=126.86amu

Bonding

100

What is an ionic bond?

Givers and takers: when one atom gives away electrons and the other takes

200

What is a covalent bond?

Takers and takers: when atoms share valence electrons

300

Give the formula for this bond, and name what type of bond it is

Hydrogen(H)+Oxygen(O)=??

H₂O

Covalent

400

Give the formula for this bond, and name what type of bond it is

Calcium(Ca)+Chlorine(Cl)=??

CaCl₂

Ionic

500

Give the formula for this bond, and name what type of bond it is

Aluminum(Al)+Selenium(Se)=??

Al₂Se₃

Ionic

Balancing Reactions

100

Atoms are never _____ nor _____ just rearranged.

Hint: Conservation of matter

Created nor destroyed

200

Balance this equation

__Ca+__O₂ -> __CaO

2Ca+O₂->2CaO

300

Balance this equation

__H₂O₂->__H₂O+__O₂

2H₂O₂->2H₂O+O₂

400

Balance this equation

__N₂+__F₂->__NF₃

N₂+3F₂->2NF₃

500

Balance this equation

__Al+__HCl ->__H₂+__AlCl₃

2Al+6HCl ->3H₂+2AlCl₃

Types of Reactions

100

What are the 5 types of reactions we talked about?

Synthesis, Decomposition, Combustion, Single and Double Displacement

200

What type of reaction is this

2H₂O₂->2H₂O+O₂

Decomposition

300

What type of reaction is this

Na+Cl->NaCl

Synthesis

400

What type of reaction is this

CuSO₄+Fe->Cu+FeSO₄

Single Displacement

500

Find the outcome for this double displacement reaction

Ag(NO₃)+NaCl

Ag(NO₃)+NaCl->AgCl+Na(NO₃)

Chemistry Concepts

100

What is the octet rule?

Atoms want 8 valence electrons to become stable./Want to fill their outermost shell

200

What is a valence electron?

The electrons on the outside of an atom/the outermost shell

300

What does pH stand for and measure?

Potential of Hydrogen, if something is acidic or basic

400

What are the three types of radiation listed weakest to strongest?

Alpha, beta, gamma

500

Do acids have donate H+ ions, or do they have a lot of OH- ions that take H+ ions?

What about bases?

Acids have lots of H+ ions that are donated.

Bases have lots of OH- ions that take H+ ions from other substances