Amendments + Laws
This amendment, passed in 1919, made it illegal to manufacture, sell, or transport alcohol in the United States.
18th Amendment
The Harlem Renaissance celebrated African American culture through music, art, and literature. This musical genre became especially popular during the era.
Jazz
What were the Bath Riots?
Riots that took place in 1917 in El Paso, Texas, in response to racist and dehumanizing border policies that required de-lousing baths of Mexican migrant workers.
During the 1920s, Americans increasingly bought consumer goods like cars and household appliances using this type of payment plan.
What did Jim Crow laws do?
Explain how Prohibition reflected traditionalism.
Prohibition was the outlawing of alcohol because it was seen as sinful and harmful to the family and society. Traditionalism was concerned with traditional values and religious morality, and getting rid of alcohol was seen as the "moral" choice.
What was the Red Summer?
A 8-9 month period in 1919 marked by violent riots in cities across the country, caused by an increase in tensions between black and white Americans. Returning veterans and the Great Migration played a big role in these increased tensions.
What caused deflation of crops (the decrease in the price of crops)?
Overproduction.
The more that was produced, the less demand there was, which lowered the prices.
What did the 19th Amendment, ratified in 1920, do?
Gave women the right to vote.
How did flappers reflect modernism?
Flappers were "modern women" who embraced new social and gender norms, rejected Victorian ideals of femininity, and wore short dresses and short haircuts. This embracing of the "new" was the definition of modernism.
This 1921 event saw the destruction of “Black Wall Street,” a thriving Black community in Oklahoma, after a false accusation sparked violence.
The Tulsa Race Massacre
What is "buying on margin"?
A risky practice where investors borrow money to invest in the stock market.
What impact did the National Origins Act of 1924 have on immigration?
The First Red Scare was a mass hysteria over the fear of what?
Communism (After the Russian Revolution)
What were the Palmer Raids?
Government raids on suspected communists, anarchists, and other radicals led by Attorney General Palmer. It resulted in the arrest of at least 10,000 people and the deportation of at least 250 immigrants.
What are bank failures?
Bank failures are when banks FAIL to have enough money on hand to operate (cannot give creditors and depositors their money).
1) What was the Butler Act?
2) What trial did the Butler Act lead to?
1) Outlawed teaching evolution in schools in Tennessee.
2) The Scopes Monkey Trial
What was new about the Harlem Renaissance?
A newfound space and freedom to explore and celebrate black culture, away from Jim Crow.
What were two causes of the First Red Scare?
2)Russian Revolution + the founding of the communist Soviet Union
3) Anarchist bombings of government officials
4) Labor Union strikes
Explain ONE cause of the Great Depression and HOW it caused the Great Depression.
The Great Depression was a ten-year economic crisis that saw the economy consistently shrinking (High unemployment, decrease in GDP, decrease in consumerism).
1) Overproduction: More goods being produced means deflation (drop in prices). This cuts into business and farm profits, meaning businesses and farmers make less money, which leads to unemployment and less consumerism.
2) Misuse of credit: High credit debt means a significant drop in consumerism because people can't afford to buy new things. This hurts businesses and individuals.
3) Bank failures: When banks fail, people lose their jobs and the customers of the bank lose their money, which hurts their ability to purchase goods.
4) Widening wealth gap: The rich are control a large chunk of the wealth and they are not buying as much as if that money were spread more evenly.
5) Buying on Margin + Speculation: loss of money in the stock market means less purchasing power and consumerism.